Ajout première version des slides

slides/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# To compile the figures, you need 'dia' and 'inkscape'
+
+FIGURES = nat1.eps nat2.eps nat3.eps nat4.eps nat5.eps \
+	couches.eps next-header.eps\
+	Ipv4-exhaust.eps IPv4_Header.eps Ipv6_header.eps \
+	aviancarrier.jpg
+
+presentation-ipv6.pdf: presentation-ipv6.tex $(addprefix figures/,$(FIGURES))
+	pdflatex $<
+
+# Dia drawings
+figures/nat1.eps: figures/nat1.dia
+	dia -e $@ $<
+
+figures/nat2.eps: figures/nat2.dia
+	dia -e $@ $<
+
+figures/nat3.eps: figures/nat3.dia
+	dia -e $@ $<
+
+figures/nat4.eps: figures/nat4.dia
+	dia -e $@ $<
+
+figures/nat5.eps: figures/nat5.dia
+	dia -e $@ $<
+
+figures/couches.eps: figures/couches.dia
+	dia -e $@ $<
+
+figures/next-header.eps: figures/next-header.dia
+	dia -e $@ $<
+
+
+# Inkscape to convert from svg to eps (imagemagick's convert sucks, it
+# renders it as a bitmap)
+figures/Ipv4-exhaust.eps: figures/Ipv4-exhaust.svg
+	inkscape -E $@ $<
+
+figures/IPv4_Header.eps: figures/IPv4_Header.svg
+	inkscape -E $@ $<
+
+figures/Ipv6_header.eps: figures/Ipv6_header.svg
+	inkscape -E $@ $<

slides/figures/Ipv4-exhaust.svg

@@ -0,0 +1,329 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"  standalone="no"?>
+<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN" 
+ "http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd">
+<svg width="600" height="480" viewBox="0 0 600 480"
+ xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+ xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
+>
+
+<desc>Produced by GNUPLOT 4.4 patchlevel 3 </desc>
+
+<defs>
+
+	<circle id='gpDot' r='0.5' stroke-width='0.5'/>
+	<path id='gpPt0' stroke-width='0.222' stroke='currentColor' d='M-1,0 h2 M0,-1 v2'/>
+	<path id='gpPt1' stroke-width='0.222' stroke='currentColor' d='M-1,-1 L1,1 M1,-1 L-1,1'/>
+	<path id='gpPt2' stroke-width='0.222' stroke='currentColor' d='M-1,0 L1,0 M0,-1 L0,1 M-1,-1 L1,1 M-1,1 L1,-1'/>
+	<rect id='gpPt3' stroke-width='0.222' stroke='currentColor' x='-1' y='-1' width='2' height='2'/>
+	<rect id='gpPt4' stroke-width='0.222' stroke='currentColor' fill='currentColor' x='-1' y='-1' width='2' height='2'/>
+	<circle id='gpPt5' stroke-width='0.222' stroke='currentColor' cx='0' cy='0' r='1'/>
+	<use xlink:href='#gpPt5' id='gpPt6' fill='currentColor' stroke='none'/>
+	<path id='gpPt7' stroke-width='0.222' stroke='currentColor' d='M0,-1.33 L-1.33,0.67 L1.33,0.67 z'/>
+	<use xlink:href='#gpPt7' id='gpPt8' fill='currentColor' stroke='none'/>
+	<use xlink:href='#gpPt7' id='gpPt9' stroke='currentColor' transform='rotate(180)'/>
+	<use xlink:href='#gpPt9' id='gpPt10' fill='currentColor' stroke='none'/>
+	<use xlink:href='#gpPt3' id='gpPt11' stroke='currentColor' transform='rotate(45)'/>
+	<use xlink:href='#gpPt11' id='gpPt12' fill='currentColor' stroke='none'/>
+</defs>
+<g style="fill:none; color:white; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:black; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:gray; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M71.9,422.4 L575.0,422.4 '></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:black; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M71.9,422.4 L80.9,422.4 M575.0,422.4 L566.0,422.4 '></path>
+	<g transform="translate(63.6,426.9)" style="stroke:none; fill:black; font-family:Arial; font-size:12.00pt; text-anchor:end">
+		<text> 0</text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:gray; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M71.9,378.6 L575.0,378.6 '></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:black; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M71.9,378.6 L80.9,378.6 M575.0,378.6 L566.0,378.6 '></path>
+	<g transform="translate(63.6,383.1)" style="stroke:none; fill:black; font-family:Arial; font-size:12.00pt; text-anchor:end">
+		<text> 20</text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:gray; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M71.9,334.8 L575.0,334.8 '></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:black; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M71.9,334.8 L80.9,334.8 M575.0,334.8 L566.0,334.8 '></path>
+	<g transform="translate(63.6,339.3)" style="stroke:none; fill:black; font-family:Arial; font-size:12.00pt; text-anchor:end">
+		<text> 40</text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:gray; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M71.9,291.0 L575.0,291.0 '></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:black; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M71.9,291.0 L80.9,291.0 M575.0,291.0 L566.0,291.0 '></path>
+	<g transform="translate(63.6,295.5)" style="stroke:none; fill:black; font-family:Arial; font-size:12.00pt; text-anchor:end">
+		<text> 60</text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:gray; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M71.9,247.2 L575.0,247.2 '></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:black; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M71.9,247.2 L80.9,247.2 M575.0,247.2 L566.0,247.2 '></path>
+	<g transform="translate(63.6,251.7)" style="stroke:none; fill:black; font-family:Arial; font-size:12.00pt; text-anchor:end">
+		<text> 80</text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:gray; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M71.9,203.5 L575.0,203.5 '></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:black; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M71.9,203.5 L80.9,203.5 M575.0,203.5 L566.0,203.5 '></path>
+	<g transform="translate(63.6,208.0)" style="stroke:none; fill:black; font-family:Arial; font-size:12.00pt; text-anchor:end">
+		<text> 100</text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:gray; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M71.9,159.7 L575.0,159.7 '></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:black; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M71.9,159.7 L80.9,159.7 M575.0,159.7 L566.0,159.7 '></path>
+	<g transform="translate(63.6,164.2)" style="stroke:none; fill:black; font-family:Arial; font-size:12.00pt; text-anchor:end">
+		<text> 120</text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:gray; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M71.9,115.9 L383.4,115.9 M566.7,115.9 L575.0,115.9 '></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:black; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M71.9,115.9 L80.9,115.9 M575.0,115.9 L566.0,115.9 '></path>
+	<g transform="translate(63.6,120.4)" style="stroke:none; fill:black; font-family:Arial; font-size:12.00pt; text-anchor:end">
+		<text> 140</text>
+	</g>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:gray; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M71.9,72.1 L575.0,72.1 '></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:black; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M71.9,72.1 L80.9,72.1 M575.0,72.1 L566.0,72.1 '></path>
+	<g transform="translate(63.6,76.6)" style="stroke:none; fill:black; font-family:Arial; font-size:12.00pt; text-anchor:end">
+		<text> 160</text>
+	</g>
+	<path  d='M72.4,422.4 L72.4,417.9 M72.4,72.1 L72.4,76.6 M78.9,422.4 L78.9,417.9 M78.9,72.1 L78.9,76.6 
+		M85.5,422.4 L85.5,417.9 M85.5,72.1 L85.5,76.6 M92.2,422.4 L92.2,417.9 M92.2,72.1 L92.2,76.6 
+		'></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:gray; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M98.8,422.4 L98.8,72.1 '></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:black; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M98.8,422.4 L98.8,413.4 M98.8,72.1 L98.8,81.1 '></path>
+	<g transform="translate(98.8,444.9)" style="stroke:none; fill:black; font-family:Arial; font-size:12.00pt; text-anchor:middle">
+		<text>1996</text>
+	</g>
+	<path  d='M105.4,422.4 L105.4,417.9 M105.4,72.1 L105.4,76.6 M112.0,422.4 L112.0,417.9 M112.0,72.1 L112.0,76.6 
+		M118.7,422.4 L118.7,417.9 M118.7,72.1 L118.7,76.6 M125.3,422.4 L125.3,417.9 M125.3,72.1 L125.3,76.6 
+		M131.8,422.4 L131.8,417.9 M131.8,72.1 L131.8,76.6 M138.4,422.4 L138.4,417.9 M138.4,72.1 L138.4,76.6 
+		M145.1,422.4 L145.1,417.9 M145.1,72.1 L145.1,76.6 '></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:gray; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M151.7,422.4 L151.7,72.1 '></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:black; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M151.7,422.4 L151.7,413.4 M151.7,72.1 L151.7,81.1 '></path>
+	<g transform="translate(151.7,444.9)" style="stroke:none; fill:black; font-family:Arial; font-size:12.00pt; text-anchor:middle">
+		<text>1998</text>
+	</g>
+	<path  d='M158.3,422.4 L158.3,417.9 M158.3,72.1 L158.3,76.6 M164.8,422.4 L164.8,417.9 M164.8,72.1 L164.8,76.6 
+		M171.5,422.4 L171.5,417.9 M171.5,72.1 L171.5,76.6 M178.2,422.4 L178.2,417.9 M178.2,72.1 L178.2,76.6 
+		M184.7,422.4 L184.7,417.9 M184.7,72.1 L184.7,76.6 M191.3,422.4 L191.3,417.9 M191.3,72.1 L191.3,76.6 
+		M198.0,422.4 L198.0,417.9 M198.0,72.1 L198.0,76.6 '></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:gray; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M204.6,422.4 L204.6,72.1 '></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:black; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M204.6,422.4 L204.6,413.4 M204.6,72.1 L204.6,81.1 '></path>
+	<g transform="translate(204.6,444.9)" style="stroke:none; fill:black; font-family:Arial; font-size:12.00pt; text-anchor:middle">
+		<text>2000</text>
+	</g>
+	<path  d='M211.2,422.4 L211.2,417.9 M211.2,72.1 L211.2,76.6 M217.8,422.4 L217.8,417.9 M217.8,72.1 L217.8,76.6 
+		M224.5,422.4 L224.5,417.9 M224.5,72.1 L224.5,76.6 M231.1,422.4 L231.1,417.9 M231.1,72.1 L231.1,76.6 
+		M237.6,422.4 L237.6,417.9 M237.6,72.1 L237.6,76.6 M244.3,422.4 L244.3,417.9 M244.3,72.1 L244.3,76.6 
+		M250.9,422.4 L250.9,417.9 M250.9,72.1 L250.9,76.6 '></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:gray; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M257.6,422.4 L257.6,72.1 '></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:black; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M257.6,422.4 L257.6,413.4 M257.6,72.1 L257.6,81.1 '></path>
+	<g transform="translate(257.6,444.9)" style="stroke:none; fill:black; font-family:Arial; font-size:12.00pt; text-anchor:middle">
+		<text>2002</text>
+	</g>
+	<path  d='M264.1,422.4 L264.1,417.9 M264.1,72.1 L264.1,76.6 M270.6,422.4 L270.6,417.9 M270.6,72.1 L270.6,76.6 
+		M277.3,422.4 L277.3,417.9 M277.3,72.1 L277.3,76.6 M284.0,422.4 L284.0,417.9 M284.0,72.1 L284.0,76.6 
+		M290.5,422.4 L290.5,417.9 M290.5,72.1 L290.5,76.6 M297.1,422.4 L297.1,417.9 M297.1,72.1 L297.1,76.6 
+		M303.8,422.4 L303.8,417.9 M303.8,72.1 L303.8,76.6 '></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:gray; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M310.4,422.4 L310.4,72.1 '></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:black; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M310.4,422.4 L310.4,413.4 M310.4,72.1 L310.4,81.1 '></path>
+	<g transform="translate(310.4,444.9)" style="stroke:none; fill:black; font-family:Arial; font-size:12.00pt; text-anchor:middle">
+		<text>2004</text>
+	</g>
+	<path  d='M317.0,422.4 L317.0,417.9 M317.0,72.1 L317.0,76.6 M323.6,422.4 L323.6,417.9 M323.6,72.1 L323.6,76.6 
+		M330.3,422.4 L330.3,417.9 M330.3,72.1 L330.3,76.6 M336.9,422.4 L336.9,417.9 M336.9,72.1 L336.9,76.6 
+		M343.5,422.4 L343.5,417.9 M343.5,72.1 L343.5,76.6 M350.1,422.4 L350.1,417.9 M350.1,72.1 L350.1,76.6 
+		M356.7,422.4 L356.7,417.9 M356.7,72.1 L356.7,76.6 '></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:gray; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M363.4,422.4 L363.4,72.1 '></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:black; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M363.4,422.4 L363.4,413.4 M363.4,72.1 L363.4,81.1 '></path>
+	<g transform="translate(363.4,444.9)" style="stroke:none; fill:black; font-family:Arial; font-size:12.00pt; text-anchor:middle">
+		<text>2006</text>
+	</g>
+	<path  d='M369.9,422.4 L369.9,417.9 M369.9,72.1 L369.9,76.6 M376.5,422.4 L376.5,417.9 M376.5,72.1 L376.5,76.6 
+		M383.1,422.4 L383.1,417.9 M383.1,72.1 L383.1,76.6 M389.8,422.4 L389.8,417.9 M389.8,72.1 L389.8,76.6 
+		M396.3,422.4 L396.3,417.9 M396.3,72.1 L396.3,76.6 M402.9,422.4 L402.9,417.9 M402.9,72.1 L402.9,76.6 
+		M409.6,422.4 L409.6,417.9 M409.6,72.1 L409.6,76.6 '></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:gray; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M416.2,422.4 L416.2,117.1 M416.2,81.1 L416.2,72.1 '></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:black; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M416.2,422.4 L416.2,413.4 M416.2,72.1 L416.2,81.1 '></path>
+	<g transform="translate(416.2,444.9)" style="stroke:none; fill:black; font-family:Arial; font-size:12.00pt; text-anchor:middle">
+		<text>2008</text>
+	</g>
+	<path  d='M422.8,422.4 L422.8,417.9 M422.8,72.1 L422.8,76.6 M429.4,422.4 L429.4,417.9 M429.4,72.1 L429.4,76.6 
+		M436.1,422.4 L436.1,417.9 M436.1,72.1 L436.1,76.6 M442.7,422.4 L442.7,417.9 M442.7,72.1 L442.7,76.6 
+		M449.3,422.4 L449.3,417.9 M449.3,72.1 L449.3,76.6 M455.9,422.4 L455.9,417.9 M455.9,72.1 L455.9,76.6 
+		M462.5,422.4 L462.5,417.9 M462.5,72.1 L462.5,76.6 '></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:gray; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M469.2,422.4 L469.2,117.1 M469.2,81.1 L469.2,72.1 '></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:black; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M469.2,422.4 L469.2,413.4 M469.2,72.1 L469.2,81.1 '></path>
+	<g transform="translate(469.2,444.9)" style="stroke:none; fill:black; font-family:Arial; font-size:12.00pt; text-anchor:middle">
+		<text>2010</text>
+	</g>
+	<path  d='M475.7,422.4 L475.7,417.9 M475.7,72.1 L475.7,76.6 M482.3,422.4 L482.3,417.9 M482.3,72.1 L482.3,76.6 
+		M489.0,422.4 L489.0,417.9 M489.0,72.1 L489.0,76.6 M495.6,422.4 L495.6,417.9 M495.6,72.1 L495.6,76.6 
+		M502.1,422.4 L502.1,417.9 M502.1,72.1 L502.1,76.6 M508.7,422.4 L508.7,417.9 M508.7,72.1 L508.7,76.6 
+		M515.4,422.4 L515.4,417.9 M515.4,72.1 L515.4,76.6 '></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:gray; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M522.0,422.4 L522.0,117.1 M522.0,81.1 L522.0,72.1 '></path>
+</g>
+<g style="fill:none; color:black; stroke:currentColor; stroke-width:2.00; stroke-linecap:butt; stroke-linejoin:miter">
+	<path  d='M522.0,422.4 L522.0,413.4 M522.0,72.1 L522.0,81.1 '></path>
+	<g transform="translate(522.0,444.9)" style="stroke:none; fill:black; font-family:Arial; font-size:12.00pt; text-anchor:middle">
+		<text>2012</text>
+	</g>
+	<path  d='M528.6,422.4 L528.6,417.9 M528.6,72.1 L528.6,76.6 M535.2,422.4 L535.2,417.9 M535.2,72.1 L535.2,76.6 
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+	<g transform="translate(575.0,444.9)" style="stroke:none; fill:black; font-family:Arial; font-size:12.00pt; text-anchor:middle">
+		<text>2014</text>
+	</g>
+	<path  d='M71.9,72.1 L71.9,422.4 L575.0,422.4 L575.0,72.1 L71.9,72.1 Z '></path>
+	<g transform="translate(17.6,247.3) rotate(270)" style="stroke:none; fill:black; font-family:Arial; font-size:12.00pt; text-anchor:middle">
+		<text>/8</text>
+	</g>
+	<g transform="translate(323.4,471.9)" style="stroke:none; fill:black; font-family:Arial; font-size:12.00pt; text-anchor:middle">
+		<text>Date</text>
+	</g>
+	<g transform="translate(323.4,31.6)" style="stroke:none; fill:black; font-family:Arial; font-size:12.00pt; text-anchor:middle">
+		<text>Free /8</text>
+	</g>
+	<g transform="translate(323.4,49.6)" style="stroke:none; fill:black; font-family:Arial; font-size:12.00pt; text-anchor:middle">
+		<text></text>
+	</g>
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+		<text>IANA</text>
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+

slides/presentation-ipv6.tex

@@ -0,0 +1,532 @@
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+\documentclass[15pt,xcolor=x11names]{beamer}
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+%\usepackage{amssymb}
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+
+\usepackage{verbatim}
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+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\newcommand{\sep}{$\; \triangleright \ $}
+
+\title[IPv6]{Introduction à IPv6}
+
+\author[B. Jonglez]{Baptiste Jonglez}
+
+\institute{JDLL 2015}
+
+\date[29/03/2015]{29 mars 2015}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\maketitle
+\end{frame}
+
+% Plan : rester abordable.
+% - carte d'Internet, comment tout ça tient debout, qu'est qu'IP
+% - problèmes liés à IPv4 : exhaustion, complexité & coût qui s'ensuivent (NAT, CGNAT).  Expliquer le NAT (avec des figures plus jolies).  Problème du NAT, expliqué simplement : plusieurs personnes ont le même numéro de téléphone !  Plus précisément, pose problème pour certains protocoles (SIP/VoIP), coût énorme en conception et développement, coût du matériel pour les CGNAT + logs
+% - nouveaux besoins : nombreux appareils, connectivité de bout en bout pour P2P/VOIP/etc (ou pas ?), multihoming
+% - différences fondamentales : taille de l'espace, auto-configuration
+% - format des adresses IPv6
+% - c'est compliqué ?  Il y a le DNS !
+% - en pratique, qu'est ce que ça change ? → du point de vue utilisateur, pas grand chose !  C'est juste une évolution nécessaire (et douloureuse).  Dual stack (forme de compatibilité)
+% - mythes : IPv6 n'est pas sécurisé (pas de NAT), IPv6 ne sert à rien parce que personne ne l'a déployé, etc
+% - références : Lothaire Yarding, blog bortzmeyer, RIPE, présentation Ju
+
+% → peut-être trop ambitieux, se limiter à des choses plus pratiques ?
+
+\section*{Introduction}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Une carte d'Internet}
+%\begin{figure}[h]
+%  \centering
+%  \includegraphics[scale=0.6]{figures/Ipv4-exhaust.eps}
+%  \caption{}
+%\end{figure}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Internet Protocol}
+
+\begin{alertblock}{Un protocole commun}
+  \textbf{Internet Protocol} (IP) est le protocole commun à toutes les machines d'Internet
+\end{alertblock}
+
+\begin{block}{Service fourni}
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item Adressage (qui je suis)
+  \item Routage (où je suis et comment me joindre)
+  \item \ldots{} et c'est à peu près tout
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{block}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Place dans le modèle TCP/IP}
+\begin{figure}[h]
+  \centering
+  \includegraphics[scale=0.3]{figures/couches.eps}
+\end{figure}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\begin{figure}[h]
+  \centering
+  \includegraphics[scale=0.6]{figures/Ipv4-exhaust.eps}
+  \caption{Espace libre dans le pool d'adresses IPv4. Crédit : CC-BY-SA Mro (Wikimédia) }
+\end{figure}
+\end{frame}
+
+
+\section{Remplacer IPv4}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Remplacer IPv4, pourquoi ?}
+
+\begin{block}{IPv4 n'est plus adapté}
+\begin{itemize}
+\item 32 bits : \textbf{4 milliards d'adresses} (moins en
+  pratique)
+\item Complexité
+\item Nouveaux besoins (mobilité, auto-configuration, multi-homing)
+\end{itemize}
+\end{block}
+
+Réflexion sur un successeur à IPv4 dès 1993 : \textbf{IPng}
+
+\end{frame}
+
+
+
+% A partir d'ici, tri à faire
+
+
+
+\section{Typologie}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Place dans le modèle TCP/IP}
+\begin{figure}[h]
+  \centering
+  \includegraphics[scale=0.3]{figures/couches.eps}
+\end{figure}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{En-tête d'un paquet IPv4}
+\begin{figure}[h]
+  \centering
+  \includegraphics[scale=0.6]{figures/IPv4_Header.eps}
+  \caption{En-tête de paquet IPv4. Crédit : CC-BY-SA Bruno Wenk (Wikimédia)}
+\end{figure}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{En-tête d'un paquet IPv6}
+\begin{figure}[h]
+  \centering
+  \includegraphics[scale=0.4]{figures/Ipv6_header.eps}
+  \caption{En-tête de paquet IPv4. Crédit : CC-BY-SA Mro (Wikimédia)}
+\end{figure}
+\end{frame}
+
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Format de paquet}
+RFC 2460
+\begin{block}{Particularités}
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item Beaucoup plus simple
+  \item Plus souple : liste chaînée d'en-têtes optionnels
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{block}
+
+\begin{block}{Extensibilité}<2->
+  Tout est déporté dans le Next Header :
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item Fragmentation (uniquement réalisée par l'expéditeur)
+  \item Mobilité
+  \item Sécurité (IPsec)
+  \item \og piggyback\fg{} (informations de routage, \ldots{})
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{block}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{En-tête d'un paquet IPv6}
+\begin{figure}[h]
+  \centering
+  \includegraphics[scale=0.4]{figures/Ipv6_header.eps}
+  \caption{En-tête de paquet IPv6. Crédit : CC-BY-SA Mro (Wikimédia)}
+\end{figure}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Format des en-têtes facultatifs}
+\begin{figure}[h]
+  \centering
+  \includegraphics[scale=0.4]{figures/next-header.eps}
+  \caption{Exemple d'en-tête facultatif via l'utilisation de \og Next Header\fg{}}
+\end{figure}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{Format des adresses et adressage}
+% RFC 4291
+
+\begin{block}{Adresses}
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item Adresses sur 128 bits
+  \item Notation hexa par bloc de 16 bits \sep \verb+2001:db8:cafe:deca:0:0:0:1+
+  \item Compression de zéros \sep \verb+2001:db8:cafe:deca::1+
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{block}
+
+
+\begin{block}{Sous-réseaux}<2->
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item Deux parties :
+    \begin{itemize}
+    \item \textbf{préfixe} ou \textbf{identifiant de sous-réseau}
+      (subnet ID) : partie gauche de l'adresse
+    \item \textbf{identifiant de machine} (host ID) : partie droite
+    \end{itemize}
+  \item notation CIDR :
+    \begin{itemize}
+    \item \verb+2001:db8:cafe:deca:a9e:1ff:fe6b:25c9/64+
+    \item subnet correspondant \sep \verb+2001:db8:cafe:deca::+
+    \end{itemize}
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{block}
+\end{frame}
+
+
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{Exemples d'adresses et des préfixes}
+\begin{block}{Préfixes}
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item<1-> Préfixe de documentation \sep \verb+2001:db8::/32+
+  \item<2-> Préfixe link-local \sep \verb+fe80::/10+
+  \item<3-> Préfixe multicast \sep \verb+ff02::/10+
+  \item<4-> Exemple de préfixe \og end-user\fg{} \sep \verb+2001:db8:fada:ba00:/56+
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{block}
+
+\begin{block}{Adresses}<5->
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item Unicast \sep \verb+2001:db8:cafe:deca:a9e:1ff:fe6b:25c9/64+
+  \item Link-local \sep \verb+fe80::a9e:1ff:fe6b:25c9/64+
+  \item<6-> Notation IPv4 \sep \verb+2001:db8::cafe:192.168.0.1+ égal
+    à \verb+2001:db8::cafe:c0a8:1+
+  \item<7-> Localhost \sep \verb+::1+
+  \item<7-> Tout les bits à 0 \sep \verb+::+
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{block}
+\end{frame}
+
+\section{Avantages}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Taille de l'espace d'adressage}
+\begin{alertblock}{IPv4}
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item Une seule IP publique par abonné
+  \item Adresses \textbf{non routables} et \textbf{non globalement uniques}
+  \item Technologie de traduction d'adresses (NAT) qui casse le
+    \textbf{end-to-end principle}
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{alertblock}
+
+\begin{block}{IPv6}<0>
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item Plus petit sous-réseau : \textbf{/64}, soit $2^{64}$ adresses
+  \item On ne distribue plus des \textbf{adresses}, mais des \textbf{sous-réseaux}
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{block}
+
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Traduction d'adresses (NAT) en IPv4 (1)}
+
+\begin{figure}[h]
+  \centering
+  \includegraphics[scale=0.28]{figures/nat1.eps}
+  \caption{L1, L2, L3 sont des adresses locales. Le routeur qui fait du NAT, N3, possède également une adresse publique A.}
+\end{figure}
+
+\end{frame}
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Traduction d'adresses (NAT) en IPv4 (2)}
+
+\begin{figure}[h]
+  \centering
+  \includegraphics[scale=0.28]{figures/nat2.eps}
+  \caption{N2 envoie un paquet vers M. Notons que l'on distingue hôte
+    (nœud) et adresse d'une interface.}
+\end{figure}
+
+\end{frame}
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Traduction d'adresses (NAT) en IPv4 (3)}
+
+\begin{figure}[h]
+  \centering
+  \includegraphics[scale=0.28]{figures/nat3.eps}
+  \caption{N3 retient qu'il a vu passer un paquet de L2 vers B, et change l'adresse source du paquet pour faire croire que ça vient de lui.}
+\end{figure}
+
+\end{frame}
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Traduction d'adresses (NAT) en IPv4 (4)}
+
+\begin{figure}[h]
+  \centering
+  \includegraphics[scale=0.28]{figures/nat4.eps}
+  \caption{M répond à N3, puisque du point de vue de M, c'est N3 qui a envoyé le paquet au départ.}
+\end{figure}
+
+\end{frame}
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Traduction d'adresses (NAT) en IPv4 (5)}
+
+\begin{figure}[h]
+  \centering
+  \includegraphics[scale=0.28]{figures/nat5.eps}
+  \caption{N3 se sert de l'information qu'il avait retenu pour renvoyer le paquet à la bonne machine locale.}
+\end{figure}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Traduction d'adresses (NAT) en IPv4 (6)}
+\begin{block}{En pratique}
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item Couple $(source, destination)$ non suffisant : non unique
+  \item TCP et UDP : $(port\ source, port\ destination)$ en plus
+  \item ICMP : \textbf{sequence number} et type de paquet
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{block}
+
+\begin{alertblock}{Bref\ldots{}}<2->
+  C'est le mal !
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item Pas de communication de bout en bout
+  \item Dépend d'une couche supérieure (transport, ICMP)
+  \item Système \textbf{avec état} : SPOF (Single Point Of Failure)
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{alertblock}
+
+\uncover<3->{Et très bientôt, \textbf{Carrier-grade NAT} (CGNAT) au niveau du FAI}
+
+\end{frame}
+
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Espace d'adressage}
+\begin{alertblock}{IPv4}
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item Une seule IP publique par abonné
+  \item Adresses \textbf{non routables} et \textbf{non globalement uniques}
+  \item Technologie de traduction d'adresses (NAT) qui casse le
+    \textbf{end-to-end principle}
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{alertblock}
+
+\begin{exampleblock}{IPv6}<2->
+  Chaque machine a une adresse globalement routable !
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item Plus petit sous-réseau : \textbf{/64}, soit $2^{64}$ adresses
+  \item On ne donne plus des \textbf{adresses}, mais des \textbf{sous-réseaux}
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{exampleblock}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{Attribution d'adresses}
+
+\begin{block}{IPv4}
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item Attribué par DHCP
+  \item Peut changer, car c'est le serveur DHCP qui décide
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{block}
+
+\begin{block}{IPv6}<2->
+  Stateless autoconfiguration :
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item Le routeur annonce son préfixe \sep \verb+2001:db8:deca::/64+
+  \item Chaque machine \textbf{choisit} son adresse (au hasard, ou
+    calculé à partir de l'adresse MAC, d'où le /64). \sep
+    Unicité\ldots{}
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{block}
+
+\begin{exampleblock}{Avantages}<3->
+\begin{itemize}
+\item \textbf{Sans état}
+\item Beaucoup plus simple et rapide
+\item Plusieurs routeurs peuvent annoncer leur préfixe
+\end{itemize}
+\end{exampleblock}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{Adresses link-local}
+
+Préfixe \verb+fe80::/10+
+
+\begin{block}{Principe}
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item Toujours présente sur une interface, sans configuration
+  \item Calculé via l'adresse MAC (unicité)
+  \item Non routable
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{block}
+\begin{block}{Intérêt}<2->
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item Permet de communiquer avec les machines du même réseau L2
+  \item Découverte de services, informations de routage, \ldots{}
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{block}
+\end{frame}
+
+\section{Cohabitation}
+
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+\frametitle{Cohabitation}
+
+\begin{block}{Dual stack}
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item IPv4 et IPv6 peuvent cohabiter !
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{block}
+\begin{block}{DNS}<2->
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item Deux enregistrements dans le DNS
+    \begin{itemize}
+    \item example.net  A   192.168.42.1
+    \item example.net AAAA \verb+2001:db8::1337:1+
+    \end{itemize}
+  \item On essaie d'abord l'IPv6, puis l'IPv4. Code transparent !
+    \begin{itemize}
+    \item En C, utiliser \texttt{getaddrinfo()}
+    \end{itemize}
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{block}
+\begin{alertblock}{Écoute sur un socket}<3->
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item Problème : besoin de deux sockets qui écoutent ?
+  \item<4-> Non ! Un seul socket qui fait tout.
+  \item<4-> Astuce : adresses IPv4-mapped \sep \verb+::ffff:192.168.42.1+
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{alertblock}
+\end{frame}
+
+\section*{Conclusion}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Conclusion}
+\begin{block}{Avantages}
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item Espace plus grand, plus besoin de NAT
+  \item Auto-configuration : ça juste marche !
+  \item Cohabitation grâce au DNS
+  \item Applications prêtes depuis 15 ans
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{block}
+\begin{block}{Qu'est ce qu'on attend ?}<2->
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item Déploiement au niveau hôtes (\og fournisseurs de contenu\fg{})
+    \begin{itemize}
+    \item Google, Facebook, plein de petits
+    \end{itemize}
+  \item Déploiement des FAI
+    \begin{itemize}
+    \item Free, FDN, Illyse \ldots mais pas \alert{Orange}
+    \end{itemize}
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{block}
+\begin{block}{En attendant}<3->
+  Plein de technologies de transition pour s'amuser (6to4, 6in4,
+  Teredo, NAT64, DNS64), tunnel brokers
+\end{block}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\frametitle{Questions ?}
+\begin{figure}[h]
+  \centering
+  \includegraphics[scale=0.4]{figures/aviancarrier.jpg}
+  \caption{RFC 6214 : Avian carriers over IPv6 !}
+\end{figure}
+\end{frame}
+
+
+
+\end{document}