// Copyright (C) 2013 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
//
// Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
// purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
// copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH
// REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
// AND FITNESS.  IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
// INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
// LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
// OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
// PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

#include <cc/data.h>
#include <exceptions/exceptions.h>
#include <dhcpsrv/dhcp_parsers.h>

#include <stdint.h>
#include <string>

#ifndef D_CFG_MGR_H
#define D_CFG_MGR_H

namespace isc {
namespace d2 {

/// @brief Exception thrown if the configuration manager encounters an error.
class DCfgMgrBaseError : public isc::Exception {
public:
    DCfgMgrBaseError(const char* file, size_t line, const char* what) :
        isc::Exception(file, line, what) { };
};

/// @brief Abstract class that implements a container for configuration context.
/// It provides a single enclosure for the storage of configuration parameters
/// and any other context specific information that needs to be accessible
/// during configuration parsing as well as to the application as a whole.
/// The base class supports storage for a small set of simple data types.
/// Derivations simply add additional storage as needed.  Note that this class
/// declares the pure virtual clone() method, its copy constructor is protected,
/// and its copy operator is inaccessible.  Derivations must supply an
/// implementation of clone that calls the base class copy constructor as
/// well as performing whatever steps are necessary to copy its additional
/// storage.  This allows the management class to perform context backup and
/// restoration without derivation specific knowledge using logic like
/// the following:
///
///    // Make a backup copy
///    DCfgContextBasePtr backup_copy(context_->clone());
///    :
///    // Restore from backup
///    context_ = backup_copy;
///
class DCfgContextBase {
public:
    /// @brief Constructor
    DCfgContextBase();

    /// @brief Destructor
    virtual ~DCfgContextBase();

    /// @brief Fetches the value for a given boolean configuration parameter
    /// from the context.
    ///
    /// @param name is the name of the parameter to retrieve.
    /// @param value is an output parameter in which to return the retrieved
    /// value.
    /// @throw throws DhcpConfigError if the context does not contain the
    /// parameter.
    void getParam(const std::string& name, bool& value) {
        value = boolean_values_->getParam(name);
    }

    /// @brief Fetches the value for a given uint32_t configuration parameter
    /// from the context.
    ///
    /// @param name is the name of the parameter to retrieve.
    /// @param value is an output parameter in which to return the retrieved
    /// value.
    /// @throw throws DhcpConfigError if the context does not contain the
    /// parameter.
    void getParam(const std::string& name, uint32_t& value) {
        value = uint32_values_->getParam(name);
    }

    /// @brief Fetches the value for a given string configuration parameter
    /// from the context.
    ///
    /// @param name is the name of the parameter to retrieve.
    /// @param value is an output parameter in which to return the retrieved
    /// value.
    /// @throw throws DhcpConfigError if the context does not contain the
    /// parameter.
    void getParam(const std::string& name, std::string& value) {
        value = string_values_->getParam(name);
    }

    /// @brief Fetches the Boolean Storage. Typically used for passing
    /// into parsers.
    ///
    /// @return returns a pointer to the Boolean Storage.
    isc::dhcp::BooleanStoragePtr getBooleanStorage() {
        return (boolean_values_);
    }

    /// @brief Fetches the uint32 Storage. Typically used for passing
    /// into parsers.
    ///
    /// @return returns a pointer to the uint32 Storage.
    isc::dhcp::Uint32StoragePtr getUint32Storage() {
        return (uint32_values_);
    }

    /// @brief Fetches the string Storage. Typically used for passing
    /// into parsers.
    ///
    /// @return returns a pointer to the string Storage.
    isc::dhcp::StringStoragePtr getStringStorage() {
        return (string_values_);
    }

    /// @brief Creates a clone of this context object.  As mentioned in the
    /// the class brief, derivation must supply an implementation that
    /// initializes the base class storage as well as its own.  Typically
    /// the derivation's clone method would return the result of passing
    /// "*this" into its own copy constructor:
    ///
    /// -----------------------------------------------------------------
    /// class DStubContext : public DCfgContextBase {
    /// public:
    ///  :
    ///     // Clone calls its own copy constructor
    ///     virtual DStubContext* clone() {
    ///         return (new DStubContext(*this));
    ///     }
    ///
    ///     // Note that the copy constructor calls the base class copy ctor
    ///     // then initializes its additional storage.
    ///     DStubContext(const DStubContext& rhs) : DCfgContextBase(rhs),
    ///         extra_values_(new Uint32Storage(*(rhs.extra_values_))) {
    ///     }
    ///  :
    ///    // Here's the derivation's additional storage.
    ///    isc::dhcp::Uint32StoragePtr extra_values_;
    ///  :
    /// -----------------------------------------------------------------
    ///
    /// @return returns a raw pointer to the new clone.
    virtual DCfgContextBase* clone() = 0;

protected:
    /// @brief Copy constructor for use by derivations in clone().
    DCfgContextBase(const DCfgContextBase& rhs);

private:
    /// @brief Private assignment operator to avoid potential for slicing.
    DCfgContextBase& operator=(const DCfgContextBase& rhs);

    /// @brief Storage for boolean parameters.
    isc::dhcp::BooleanStoragePtr boolean_values_;

    /// @brief Storage for uint32 parameters.
    isc::dhcp::Uint32StoragePtr uint32_values_;

    /// @brief Storage for string parameters.
    isc::dhcp::StringStoragePtr string_values_;
};

/// @brief Pointer to a configuration context.
typedef boost::shared_ptr<DCfgContextBase> DCfgContextBasePtr;

/// @brief Defines an unsorted, list of string Element IDs.
typedef std::vector<std::string> ElementIdList;

/// @brief Configuration Manager
///
/// DCfgMgrBase is an abstract class that provides the mechanisms for managing
/// an application's configuration.  This includes services for parsing sets of
/// configuration values, storing the parsed information in its converted form,
/// and retrieving the information on demand.  It is intended to be the worker
/// class which is handed a set of configuration values to process by upper
/// application management layers. Typically this call chain would look like
/// this:
/// External configuration event:
///  --> Controller::configHandler(new configuration)
///      --> Controller.updateConfig(new configuration)
///          --> Controller.Process.configure(new configuration)
///              --> Process.CfgMgr.parseConfig(new configuration)
///
/// The class presents a public method for receiving new configurations,
/// parseConfig.  This method coordinates the parsing effort as follows:
///
///    make backup copy of configuration context
///    for each top level element in new configuration
///        get derivation-specific parser for element
///        run parser
///        update context with parsed results
///        break on error
///
///    if an error occurred
///        restore configuration context from backup
///
/// After making a backup of the current context, it iterates over the top-level
/// elements in the new configuration.  The order in which the elements are
/// processed is either:
///
///    1. Natural order presented by the configuration set
///    2. Specific order determined by a list of element ids
///
/// This allows a derivation to specify the order in which its elements are
/// parsed if there are dependencies between elements.
/// To parse a given element, its id is passed into createConfigParser,
/// which returns an instance of the appropriate parser.  This method is
/// abstract so the derivation's implementation determines the type of parser
/// created. This isolates the knowledge of specific element ids and which
/// application specific parsers to derivation.
/// Once the parser has been created, it is used to parse the data value
/// associated with the element id and update the context with the parsed
/// results.
/// In the event that an error occurs, parsing is halted and the configuration
/// context is restored from backup.
class DCfgMgrBase {
public:
    /// @brief Constructor
    ///
    /// @param context is a pointer to the configuration context the manager
    /// will use for storing parsed results.
    ///
    /// @throw throws DCfgMgrBaseError if context is null
    DCfgMgrBase(DCfgContextBasePtr context);

    /// @brief Destructor
    virtual ~DCfgMgrBase();

    /// @brief Acts as the receiver of new configurations and coordinates
    /// the parsing as described in the class brief.
    ///
    /// @param config_set is a set of configuration elements to parsed.
    ///
    /// @return an Element that contains the results of configuration composed
    /// of an integer status value (0 means successful, non-zero means failure),
    /// and a string explanation of the outcome.
    isc::data::ConstElementPtr parseConfig(isc::data::ConstElementPtr
                                           config_set);

    /// @brief Adds a given element id to the end of the parse order list.
    /// The order in which elements are retrieved from this is FIFO.  Elements
    /// should be added in the order in which they are to be parsed.
    //
    /// @param element_id is the string name of the element as it will appear
    /// in the configuration set.
    void addToParseOrder(std::string& element_id){
        parse_order_.push_back(element_id);
    }

    /// @brief Fetches the parse order list.
    ///
    /// @return returns a const reference to the list.
    const ElementIdList& getParseOrder() const {
        return (parse_order_);
    }

    /// @brief Fetches the configuration context.
    ///
    /// @return returns a pointer reference to the configuration context.
    DCfgContextBasePtr& getContext() {
        return (context_);
    }

protected:
    /// @brief Given an element_id returns an instance of the appropriate
    /// parser.  This method is abstract, isolating any direct knowledge of
    /// element_ids and parsers to within the application-specific derivation.
    ///
    /// @param element_id is the string name of the element as it will appear
    /// in the configuration set.
    ///
    /// @return returns a ParserPtr to the parser instance.
    /// @throw throws DCfgMgrBaseError if an error occurs.
    virtual isc::dhcp::ParserPtr
    createConfigParser(const std::string& element_id) = 0;

private:

    /// @brief Given an element_id and data value, instantiate the appropriate
    /// parser,  parse the data value, and commit the results.
    ///
    /// @param element_id is the string name of the element as it will appear
    /// in the configuration set.
    /// @param value is the data value to be parsed and associated with
    /// element_id.
    ///
    /// @throw throws DCfgMgrBaseError if an error occurs.
    void buildAndCommit(std::string& element_id,
                        isc::data::ConstElementPtr value);

    /// @brief An FIFO list of element ids, used to dictate the element
    /// parsing order.  If the list is empty, the natural order in the
    /// configuration set it used.
    ElementIdList parse_order_;

    /// @brief Pointer to the configuration context instance.
    DCfgContextBasePtr context_;
};

/// @brief Defines a shared pointer to DCfgMgrBase.
typedef boost::shared_ptr<DCfgMgrBase> DCfgMgrBasePtr;


}; // end of isc::d2 namespace
}; // end of isc namespace

#endif // D_CFG_MGR_H