kea/src/bin/dhcp4/tests/dhcp4_test_utils.h

// Copyright (C) 2013  Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
//
// Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
// purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
// copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH
// REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
// AND FITNESS.  IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
// INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
// LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
// OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
// PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

#include <config.h>
#include <sstream>

#include <asiolink/io_address.h>
#include <dhcp/dhcp4.h>
#include <dhcp/iface_mgr.h>
#include <dhcp/option.h>
#include <dhcp/option4_addrlst.h>
#include <dhcp/option_custom.h>
#include <dhcp/option_int_array.h>
#include <dhcp/pkt_filter.h>
#include <dhcp/pkt_filter_inet.h>
#include <dhcp4/config_parser.h>
#include <dhcp4/dhcp4_srv.h>
#include <dhcpsrv/cfgmgr.h>
#include <dhcpsrv/lease_mgr.h>
#include <dhcpsrv/lease_mgr_factory.h>
#include <gtest/gtest.h>

#include <boost/scoped_ptr.hpp>

#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>

#include <arpa/inet.h>

namespace isc {
namespace test {

using namespace isc;
using namespace isc::dhcp;

class NakedDhcpv4Srv: public Dhcpv4Srv {
    // "Naked" DHCPv4 server, exposes internal fields
public:

    /// @brief Constructor.
    ///
    /// This constructor disables default modes of operation used by the
    /// Dhcpv4Srv class:
    /// - Send/receive broadcast messages through sockets on interfaces
    /// which support broadcast traffic.
    /// - Direct DHCPv4 traffic - communication with clients which do not
    /// have IP address assigned yet.
    ///
    /// Enabling these modes requires root privilges so they must be
    /// disabled for unit testing.
    ///
    /// Note, that disabling broadcast options on sockets does not impact
    /// the operation of these tests because they use local loopback
    /// interface which doesn't have broadcast capability anyway. It rather
    /// prevents setting broadcast options on other (broadcast capable)
    /// sockets which are opened on other interfaces in Dhcpv4Srv constructor.
    ///
    /// The Direct DHCPv4 Traffic capability can be disabled here because
    /// it is tested with PktFilterLPFTest unittest. The tests which belong
    /// to PktFilterLPFTest can be enabled on demand when root privileges can
    /// be guaranteed.
    ///
    /// @param port port number to listen on; the default value 0 indicates
    /// that sockets should not be opened.
    NakedDhcpv4Srv(uint16_t port = 0)
        : Dhcpv4Srv(port, "type=memfile", false, false) {
    }

    /// @brief fakes packet reception
    /// @param timeout ignored
    ///
    /// The method receives all packets queued in receive queue, one after
    /// another. Once the queue is empty, it initiates the shutdown procedure.
    ///
    /// See fake_received_ field for description
    virtual Pkt4Ptr receivePacket(int /*timeout*/) {

        // If there is anything prepared as fake incoming traffic, use it
        if (!fake_received_.empty()) {
            Pkt4Ptr pkt = fake_received_.front();
            fake_received_.pop_front();
            return (pkt);
        }

        // If not, just trigger shutdown and return immediately
        shutdown();
        return (Pkt4Ptr());
    }

    /// @brief fake packet sending
    ///
    /// Pretend to send a packet, but instead just store it in fake_send_ list
    /// where test can later inspect server's response.
    virtual void sendPacket(const Pkt4Ptr& pkt) {
        fake_sent_.push_back(pkt);
    }

    /// @brief adds a packet to fake receive queue
    ///
    /// See fake_received_ field for description
    void fakeReceive(const Pkt4Ptr& pkt) {
        fake_received_.push_back(pkt);
    }

    virtual ~NakedDhcpv4Srv() {
    }

    /// @brief packets we pretend to receive
    ///
    /// Instead of setting up sockets on interfaces that change between OSes, it
    /// is much easier to fake packet reception. This is a list of packets that
    /// we pretend to have received. You can schedule new packets to be received
    /// using fakeReceive() and NakedDhcpv4Srv::receivePacket() methods.
    std::list<Pkt4Ptr> fake_received_;

    std::list<Pkt4Ptr> fake_sent_;

    using Dhcpv4Srv::adjustRemoteAddr;
    using Dhcpv4Srv::processDiscover;
    using Dhcpv4Srv::processRequest;
    using Dhcpv4Srv::processRelease;
    using Dhcpv4Srv::processDecline;
    using Dhcpv4Srv::processInform;
    using Dhcpv4Srv::getServerID;
    using Dhcpv4Srv::loadServerID;
    using Dhcpv4Srv::generateServerID;
    using Dhcpv4Srv::writeServerID;
    using Dhcpv4Srv::sanityCheck;
    using Dhcpv4Srv::srvidToString;
};

/// @brief Dummy Packet Filtering class.
///
/// This class reports capability to respond directly to the client which
/// doesn't have address configured yet.
///
/// All packet and socket handling functions do nothing because they are not
/// used in unit tests.
class PktFilterTest : public PktFilter {
public:

    /// @brief Reports 'direct response' capability.
    ///
    /// @return always true.
    virtual bool isDirectResponseSupported() const {
        return (true);
    }

    /// Does nothing.
    virtual int openSocket(const Iface&, const isc::asiolink::IOAddress&,
                           const uint16_t, const bool, const bool) {
        return (0);
    }

    /// Does nothing.
    virtual Pkt4Ptr receive(const Iface&, const SocketInfo&) {
        return Pkt4Ptr();
    }

    /// Does nothing.
    virtual int send(const Iface&, uint16_t, const Pkt4Ptr&) {
        return (0);
    }

};

static const char* SRVID_FILE = "server-id-test.txt";

class Dhcpv4SrvTest : public ::testing::Test {
public:

    /// @brief Constructor
    ///
    /// Initializes common objects used in many tests.
    /// Also sets up initial configuration in CfgMgr.
    Dhcpv4SrvTest() :
        rcode_(-1)
    {
        subnet_ = Subnet4Ptr(new Subnet4(isc::asiolink::IOAddress("192.0.2.0"),
                                         24, 1000, 2000, 3000));
        pool_ = Pool4Ptr(new Pool4(isc::asiolink::IOAddress("192.0.2.100"),
                                   isc::asiolink::IOAddress("192.0.2.110")));
        subnet_->addPool(pool_);

        CfgMgr::instance().deleteSubnets4();
        CfgMgr::instance().addSubnet4(subnet_);

        // Add Router option.
        Option4AddrLstPtr opt_routers(new Option4AddrLst(DHO_ROUTERS));
        opt_routers->setAddress(isc::asiolink::IOAddress("192.0.2.2"));
        subnet_->addOption(opt_routers, false, "dhcp4");

        // it's ok if that fails. There should not be such a file anyway
        unlink(SRVID_FILE);

        const IfaceMgr::IfaceCollection& ifaces = IfaceMgr::instance().getIfaces();

        // There must be some interface detected
        if (ifaces.empty()) {
            // We can't use ASSERT in constructor
            ADD_FAILURE() << "No interfaces detected.";
        }

        valid_iface_ = ifaces.begin()->getName();
    }

    virtual ~Dhcpv4SrvTest() {
    }

    /// @brief Add 'Parameter Request List' option to the packet.
    ///
    /// This function PRL option comprising the following option codes:
    /// - 5 - Name Server
    /// - 15 - Domain Name
    /// - 7 - Log Server
    /// - 8 - Quotes Server
    /// - 9 - LPR Server
    ///
    /// @param pkt packet to add PRL option to.
    void addPrlOption(Pkt4Ptr& pkt) {

        OptionUint8ArrayPtr option_prl =
            OptionUint8ArrayPtr(new OptionUint8Array(Option::V4,
                                                     DHO_DHCP_PARAMETER_REQUEST_LIST));

        // Let's request options that have been configured for the subnet.
        option_prl->addValue(DHO_DOMAIN_NAME_SERVERS);
        option_prl->addValue(DHO_DOMAIN_NAME);
        option_prl->addValue(DHO_LOG_SERVERS);
        option_prl->addValue(DHO_COOKIE_SERVERS);
        // Let's also request the option that hasn't been configured. In such
        // case server should ignore request for this particular option.
        option_prl->addValue(DHO_LPR_SERVERS);
        // And add 'Parameter Request List' option into the DISCOVER packet.
        pkt->addOption(option_prl);
    }

    /// @brief Configures options being requested in the PRL option.
    ///
    /// The lpr-servers option is NOT configured here although it is
    /// added to the 'Parameter Request List' option in the
    /// \ref addPrlOption. When requested option is not configured
    /// the server should not return it in its response. The goal
    /// of not configuring the requested option is to verify that
    /// the server will not return it.
    void configureRequestedOptions() {
        // dns-servers
        Option4AddrLstPtr
            option_dns_servers(new Option4AddrLst(DHO_DOMAIN_NAME_SERVERS));
        option_dns_servers->addAddress(isc::asiolink::IOAddress("192.0.2.1"));
        option_dns_servers->addAddress(isc::asiolink::IOAddress("192.0.2.100"));
        ASSERT_NO_THROW(subnet_->addOption(option_dns_servers, false, "dhcp4"));

        // domain-name
        OptionDefinition def("domain-name", DHO_DOMAIN_NAME, OPT_FQDN_TYPE);
        OptionCustomPtr option_domain_name(new OptionCustom(def, Option::V4));
        option_domain_name->writeFqdn("example.com");
        subnet_->addOption(option_domain_name, false, "dhcp4");

        // log-servers
        Option4AddrLstPtr option_log_servers(new Option4AddrLst(DHO_LOG_SERVERS));
        option_log_servers->addAddress(isc::asiolink::IOAddress("192.0.2.2"));
        option_log_servers->addAddress(isc::asiolink::IOAddress("192.0.2.10"));
        ASSERT_NO_THROW(subnet_->addOption(option_log_servers, false, "dhcp4"));

        // cookie-servers
        Option4AddrLstPtr option_cookie_servers(new Option4AddrLst(DHO_COOKIE_SERVERS));
        option_cookie_servers->addAddress(isc::asiolink::IOAddress("192.0.2.1"));
        ASSERT_NO_THROW(subnet_->addOption(option_cookie_servers, false,
                                           "dhcp4"));
    }

    /// @brief checks that the response matches request
    /// @param q query (client's message)
    /// @param a answer (server's message)
    void messageCheck(const Pkt4Ptr& q, const Pkt4Ptr& a) {
        ASSERT_TRUE(q);
        ASSERT_TRUE(a);

        EXPECT_EQ(q->getHops(),   a->getHops());
        EXPECT_EQ(q->getIface(),  a->getIface());
        EXPECT_EQ(q->getIndex(),  a->getIndex());
        EXPECT_EQ(q->getGiaddr(), a->getGiaddr());
        // When processing an incoming packet the remote address
        // is copied as a src address, and the source address is
        // copied as a remote address to the response.
        EXPECT_TRUE(q->getLocalHWAddr() == a->getLocalHWAddr());
        EXPECT_TRUE(q->getRemoteHWAddr() == a->getRemoteHWAddr());

        // Check that bare minimum of required options are there.
        // We don't check options requested by a client. Those
        // are checked elsewhere.
        EXPECT_TRUE(a->getOption(DHO_SUBNET_MASK));
        EXPECT_TRUE(a->getOption(DHO_ROUTERS));
        EXPECT_TRUE(a->getOption(DHO_DHCP_SERVER_IDENTIFIER));
        EXPECT_TRUE(a->getOption(DHO_DHCP_LEASE_TIME));
        EXPECT_TRUE(a->getOption(DHO_SUBNET_MASK));
        EXPECT_TRUE(a->getOption(DHO_DOMAIN_NAME));
        EXPECT_TRUE(a->getOption(DHO_DOMAIN_NAME_SERVERS));

        // Check that something is offered
        EXPECT_TRUE(a->getYiaddr().toText() != "0.0.0.0");
    }

    /// @brief Check that requested options are present.
    ///
    /// @param pkt packet to be checked.
    void optionsCheck(const Pkt4Ptr& pkt) {
        // Check that the requested and configured options are returned
        // in the ACK message.
        EXPECT_TRUE(pkt->getOption(DHO_DOMAIN_NAME))
            << "domain-name not present in the response";
        EXPECT_TRUE(pkt->getOption(DHO_DOMAIN_NAME_SERVERS))
            << "dns-servers not present in the response";
        EXPECT_TRUE(pkt->getOption(DHO_LOG_SERVERS))
            << "log-servers not present in the response";
        EXPECT_TRUE(pkt->getOption(DHO_COOKIE_SERVERS))
            << "cookie-servers not present in the response";
        // Check that the requested but not configured options are not
        // returned in the ACK message.
        EXPECT_FALSE(pkt->getOption(DHO_LPR_SERVERS))
            << "domain-name present in the response but it is"
            << " expected not to be present";
    }

    /// @brief generates client-id option
    ///
    /// Generate client-id option of specified length
    /// Ids with different lengths are sufficent to generate
    /// unique ids. If more fine grained control is required,
    /// tests generate client-ids on their own.
    /// Sets client_id_ field.
    /// @param size size of the client-id to be generated
    OptionPtr generateClientId(size_t size = 4) {

        OptionBuffer clnt_id(size);
        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
            clnt_id[i] = 100 + i;
        }

        client_id_ = ClientIdPtr(new ClientId(clnt_id));

        return (OptionPtr(new Option(Option::V4, DHO_DHCP_CLIENT_IDENTIFIER,
                                     clnt_id.begin(),
                                     clnt_id.begin() + size)));
    }

    /// @brief generate hardware address
    ///
    /// @param size size of the generated MAC address
    /// @param pointer to Hardware Address object
    HWAddrPtr generateHWAddr(size_t size = 6) {
        const uint8_t hw_type = 123; // Just a fake number (typically 6=HTYPE_ETHER, see dhcp4.h)
        OptionBuffer mac(size);
        for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
            mac[i] = 50 + i;
        }
        return (HWAddrPtr(new HWAddr(mac, hw_type)));
    }

    /// Check that address was returned from proper range, that its lease
    /// lifetime is correct, that T1 and T2 are returned properly
    /// @param rsp response to be checked
    /// @param subnet subnet that should be used to verify assigned address
    ///        and options
    /// @param t1_mandatory is T1 mandatory?
    /// @param t2_mandatory is T2 mandatory?
    void checkAddressParams(const Pkt4Ptr& rsp, const SubnetPtr subnet,
                            bool t1_mandatory = false,
                            bool t2_mandatory = false) {

        // Technically inPool implies inRange, but let's be on the safe
        // side and check both.
        EXPECT_TRUE(subnet->inRange(rsp->getYiaddr()));
        EXPECT_TRUE(subnet->inPool(rsp->getYiaddr()));

        // Check lease time
        OptionPtr opt = rsp->getOption(DHO_DHCP_LEASE_TIME);
        if (!opt) {
            ADD_FAILURE() << "Lease time option missing in response";
        } else {
            EXPECT_EQ(opt->getUint32(), subnet->getValid());
        }

        // Check T1 timer
        opt = rsp->getOption(DHO_DHCP_RENEWAL_TIME);
        if (opt) {
            EXPECT_EQ(opt->getUint32(), subnet->getT1());
        } else {
            if (t1_mandatory) {
                ADD_FAILURE() << "Required T1 option missing";
            }
        }

        // Check T2 timer
        opt = rsp->getOption(DHO_DHCP_REBINDING_TIME);
        if (opt) {
            EXPECT_EQ(opt->getUint32(), subnet->getT2());
        } else {
            if (t2_mandatory) {
                ADD_FAILURE() << "Required T2 option missing";
            }
        }
    }

    /// @brief Basic checks for generated response (message type and trans-id).
    ///
    /// @param rsp response packet to be validated
    /// @param expected_message_type expected message type
    /// @param expected_transid expected transaction-id
    void checkResponse(const Pkt4Ptr& rsp, uint8_t expected_message_type,
                       uint32_t expected_transid) {
        ASSERT_TRUE(rsp);
        EXPECT_EQ(expected_message_type, rsp->getType());
        EXPECT_EQ(expected_transid, rsp->getTransid());
    }

    /// @brief Checks if the lease sent to client is present in the database
    ///
    /// @param rsp response packet to be validated
    /// @param client_id expected client-identifier (or NULL)
    /// @param HWAddr expected hardware address (not used now)
    /// @param expected_addr expected address
    Lease4Ptr checkLease(const Pkt4Ptr& rsp, const OptionPtr& client_id,
                         const HWAddrPtr&,
                         const isc::asiolink::IOAddress& expected_addr) {

        ClientIdPtr id;
        if (client_id) {
            OptionBuffer data = client_id->getData();
            id.reset(new ClientId(data));
        }

        Lease4Ptr lease = LeaseMgrFactory::instance().getLease4(expected_addr);
        if (!lease) {
            std::cout << "Lease for " << expected_addr.toText()
                      << " not found in the database backend.";
            return (Lease4Ptr());
        }

        EXPECT_EQ(rsp->getYiaddr().toText(), expected_addr.toText());

        EXPECT_EQ(expected_addr.toText(), lease->addr_.toText());
        if (client_id) {
            EXPECT_TRUE(*lease->client_id_ == *id);
        }
        EXPECT_EQ(subnet_->getID(), lease->subnet_id_);

        return (lease);
    }

    /// @brief Checks if server response (OFFER, ACK, NAK) includes proper server-id
    /// @param rsp response packet to be validated
    /// @param expected_srvid expected value of server-id
    void checkServerId(const Pkt4Ptr& rsp, const OptionPtr& expected_srvid) {
        // Check that server included its server-id
        OptionPtr opt = rsp->getOption(DHO_DHCP_SERVER_IDENTIFIER);
        ASSERT_TRUE(opt);
        EXPECT_EQ(opt->getType(), expected_srvid->getType() );
        EXPECT_EQ(opt->len(), expected_srvid->len() );
        EXPECT_TRUE(opt->getData() == expected_srvid->getData());
    }

    /// @brief Checks if server response (OFFER, ACK, NAK) includes proper client-id
    /// @param rsp response packet to be validated
    /// @param expected_clientid expected value of client-id
    void checkClientId(const Pkt4Ptr& rsp, const OptionPtr& expected_clientid) {
        // check that server included our own client-id
        OptionPtr opt = rsp->getOption(DHO_DHCP_CLIENT_IDENTIFIER);
        ASSERT_TRUE(opt);
        EXPECT_EQ(expected_clientid->getType(), opt->getType());
        EXPECT_EQ(expected_clientid->len(), opt->len());
        EXPECT_TRUE(expected_clientid->getData() == opt->getData());
    }

    /// @brief Tests if Discover or Request message is processed correctly
    ///
    /// @param msg_type DHCPDISCOVER or DHCPREQUEST
    void testDiscoverRequest(const uint8_t msg_type) {
        // Create an instance of the tested class.
        boost::scoped_ptr<NakedDhcpv4Srv> srv(new NakedDhcpv4Srv(0));

        // Initialize the source HW address.
        std::vector<uint8_t> mac(6);
        for (int i = 0; i < 6; ++i) {
            mac[i] = i * 10;
        }
        // Initialized the destination HW address.
        std::vector<uint8_t> dst_mac(6);
        for (int i = 0; i < 6; ++i) {
            dst_mac[i] = i * 20;
        }
        // Create a DHCP message. It will be used to simulate the
        // incoming message.
        boost::shared_ptr<Pkt4> req(new Pkt4(msg_type, 1234));
        // Create a response message. It will hold a reponse packet.
        // Initially, set it to NULL.
        boost::shared_ptr<Pkt4> rsp;
        // Set the name of the interface on which packet is received.
        req->setIface("eth0");
        // Set the interface index. It is just a dummy value and will
        // not be interpreted.
        req->setIndex(17);
        // Set the target HW address. This value is normally used to
        // construct the data link layer header.
        req->setRemoteHWAddr(1, 6, dst_mac);
        // Set the HW address. This value is set on DHCP level (in chaddr).
        req->setHWAddr(1, 6, mac);
        // Set local HW address. It is used to construct the data link layer
        // header.
        req->setLocalHWAddr(1, 6, mac);
        // Set target IP address.
        req->setRemoteAddr(isc::asiolink::IOAddress("192.0.2.55"));
        // Set relay address.
        req->setGiaddr(isc::asiolink::IOAddress("192.0.2.10"));

        // We are going to test that certain options are returned
        // in the response message when requested using 'Parameter
        // Request List' option. Let's configure those options that
        // are returned when requested.
        configureRequestedOptions();

        if (msg_type == DHCPDISCOVER) {
            ASSERT_NO_THROW(
                rsp = srv->processDiscover(req);
            );

            // Should return OFFER
            ASSERT_TRUE(rsp);
            EXPECT_EQ(DHCPOFFER, rsp->getType());

        } else {
            ASSERT_NO_THROW(
                rsp = srv->processRequest(req);
            );

            // Should return ACK
            ASSERT_TRUE(rsp);
            EXPECT_EQ(DHCPACK, rsp->getType());

        }

        messageCheck(req, rsp);

        // We did not request any options so these should not be present
        // in the RSP.
        EXPECT_FALSE(rsp->getOption(DHO_LOG_SERVERS));
        EXPECT_FALSE(rsp->getOption(DHO_COOKIE_SERVERS));
        EXPECT_FALSE(rsp->getOption(DHO_LPR_SERVERS));

        // Repeat the test but request some options.
        // Add 'Parameter Request List' option.
        addPrlOption(req);

        if (msg_type == DHCPDISCOVER) {
            ASSERT_NO_THROW(
                rsp = srv->processDiscover(req);
            );

            // Should return non-NULL packet.
            ASSERT_TRUE(rsp);
            EXPECT_EQ(DHCPOFFER, rsp->getType());

        } else {
            ASSERT_NO_THROW(
                rsp = srv->processRequest(req);
            );

            // Should return non-NULL packet.
            ASSERT_TRUE(rsp);
            EXPECT_EQ(DHCPACK, rsp->getType());

        }

        // Check that the requested options are returned.
        optionsCheck(rsp);

    }

    /// @brief This function cleans up after the test.
    virtual void TearDown() {

        CfgMgr::instance().deleteSubnets4();

        // Let's clean up if there is such a file.
        unlink(SRVID_FILE);

        // Close all open sockets.
        IfaceMgr::instance().closeSockets();

        // Some unit tests override the default packet filtering class, used
        // by the IfaceMgr. The dummy class, called PktFilterTest, reports the
        // capability to directly respond to the clients without IP address
        // assigned. This capability is not supported by the default packet
        // filtering class: PktFilterInet. Therefore setting the dummy class
        // allows to test scenarios, when server responds to the broadcast address
        // on client's request, despite having support for direct response.
        // The following call restores the use of original packet filtering class
        // after the test.
        try {
            IfaceMgr::instance().setPacketFilter(PktFilterPtr(new PktFilterInet()));

        } catch (const Exception& ex) {
            FAIL() << "Failed to restore the default (PktFilterInet) packet filtering"
                   << " class after the test. Exception has been caught: "
                   << ex.what();
        }
    }

    /// @brief A subnet used in most tests
    Subnet4Ptr subnet_;

    /// @brief A pool used in most tests
    Pool4Ptr pool_;

    /// @brief A client-id used in most tests
    ClientIdPtr client_id_;

    int rcode_;

    isc::data::ConstElementPtr comment_;

    // Name of a valid network interface
    std::string valid_iface_;
};


} // end of test namespace
} // end of isc namespace