kea/src/lib/dhcpsrv/tests/generic_host_data_source_unittest.cc

// Copyright (C) 2015-2016 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
//
// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
// License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
// file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.

#include <dhcp/dhcp6.h>
#include <dhcp/libdhcp++.h>
#include <dhcp/option4_addrlst.h>
#include <dhcp/option6_addrlst.h>
#include <dhcp/option_space.h>
#include <dhcp/option_string.h>
#include <dhcp/option_int.h>
#include <dhcp/option_vendor.h>
#include <dhcpsrv/tests/generic_host_data_source_unittest.h>
#include <dhcpsrv/tests/test_utils.h>
#include <dhcpsrv/database_connection.h>
#include <asiolink/io_address.h>
#include <util/buffer.h>
#include <boost/foreach.hpp>
#include <gtest/gtest.h>
#include <cstring>
#include <list>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <typeinfo>

using namespace std;
using namespace isc::asiolink;
using namespace isc::util;

namespace isc {
namespace dhcp {
namespace test {

GenericHostDataSourceTest::GenericHostDataSourceTest()
    :hdsptr_() {
    LibDHCP::clearRuntimeOptionDefs();
}

GenericHostDataSourceTest::~GenericHostDataSourceTest() {
    LibDHCP::clearRuntimeOptionDefs();
}

std::vector<uint8_t>
GenericHostDataSourceTest::generateHWAddr(const bool new_identifier) {
    /// @todo: Consider moving this somewhere to lib/testutils.

    // Let's use something that is easily printable. That's convenient
    // if you need to enter MySQL queries by hand.
    static uint8_t hwaddr[] = {65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70};

    if (new_identifier) {
        // Increase the address for the next time we use it.
        // This is primitive, but will work for 65k unique
        // addresses.
        hwaddr[sizeof(hwaddr) - 1]++;
        if (hwaddr[sizeof(hwaddr) - 1] == 0) {
            hwaddr[sizeof(hwaddr) - 2]++;
        }
    }
    return (std::vector<uint8_t>(hwaddr, hwaddr + sizeof(hwaddr)));
}

std::vector<uint8_t>
GenericHostDataSourceTest::generateIdentifier(const bool new_identifier) {
    /// @todo: Consider moving this somewhere to lib/testutils.

    // Let's use something that is easily printable. That's convenient
    // if you need to enter MySQL queries by hand.
    static uint8_t ident[] = { 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74 };

    // Increase the identifier for the next time we use it.
    // This is primitive, but will work for 65k unique
    // identifiers.
    if (new_identifier) {
        ident[sizeof(ident) - 1]++;
        if (ident[sizeof(ident) - 1] == 0) {
            ident[sizeof(ident) - 2]++;
        }
    }
    return (std::vector<uint8_t>(ident, ident + sizeof(ident)));
}

HostPtr
GenericHostDataSourceTest::initializeHost4(const std::string& address,
                                           const Host::IdentifierType& id) {
    std::vector<uint8_t> ident;
    if (id == Host::IDENT_HWADDR) {
        ident = generateHWAddr();

    } else {
        ident = generateIdentifier();
    }

    // Let's create ever increasing subnet-ids. Let's keep those different,
    // so subnet4 != subnet6. Useful for catching cases if the code confuses
    // subnet4 with subnet6.
    static SubnetID subnet4 = 0;
    static SubnetID subnet6 = 100;
    ++subnet4;
    ++subnet6;

    IOAddress addr(address);
    HostPtr host(new Host(&ident[0], ident.size(), id, subnet4, subnet6, addr));

    return (host);
}

HostPtr GenericHostDataSourceTest::initializeHost6(std::string address,
                                                   Host::IdentifierType identifier,
                                                   bool prefix,
                                                   bool new_identifier) {
    std::vector<uint8_t> ident;
    switch (identifier) {
    case Host::IDENT_HWADDR:
        ident = generateHWAddr(new_identifier);
        break;
    case Host::IDENT_DUID:
        ident = generateIdentifier(new_identifier);
        break;
    default:
        ADD_FAILURE() << "Unknown IdType: " << identifier;
        return HostPtr();
    }

    // Let's create ever increasing subnet-ids. Let's keep those different,
    // so subnet4 != subnet6. Useful for catching cases if the code confuses
    // subnet4 with subnet6.
    static SubnetID subnet4 = 0;
    static SubnetID subnet6 = 100;
    subnet4++;
    subnet6++;

    HostPtr host(new Host(&ident[0], ident.size(), identifier, subnet4,
                          subnet6, IOAddress("0.0.0.0")));

    if (!prefix) {
        // Create IPv6 reservation (for an address)
        IPv6Resrv resv(IPv6Resrv::TYPE_NA, IOAddress(address), 128);
        host->addReservation(resv);
    } else {
        // Create IPv6 reservation for a /64 prefix
        IPv6Resrv resv(IPv6Resrv::TYPE_PD, IOAddress(address), 64);
        host->addReservation(resv);
    }
    return (host);
}

void
GenericHostDataSourceTest::compareHwaddrs(const ConstHostPtr& host1,
                                          const ConstHostPtr& host2,
                                          bool expect_match) {
    ASSERT_TRUE(host1);
    ASSERT_TRUE(host2);

    // Compare if both have or have not HWaddress set.
    if ((host1->getHWAddress() && !host2->getHWAddress()) ||
        (!host1->getHWAddress() && host2->getHWAddress())) {

        // One host has hardware address set while the other has not.
        // Let's see if it's a problem.
        if (expect_match) {
            ADD_FAILURE() << "Host comparison failed: host1 hwaddress="
                          << host1->getHWAddress() << ", host2 hwaddress="
                          << host2->getHWAddress();
        }
        return;
    }

    // Now we know that either both or neither have hw address set.
    // If host1 has it, we can proceed to value comparison.
    if (host1->getHWAddress()) {

        if (expect_match) {
            // Compare the actual address if they match.
            EXPECT_TRUE(*host1->getHWAddress() == *host2->getHWAddress());
        } else {
            EXPECT_FALSE(*host1->getHWAddress() == *host2->getHWAddress());
        }
        if (*host1->getHWAddress() != *host2->getHWAddress()) {
            cout << host1->getHWAddress()->toText(true) << endl;
            cout << host2->getHWAddress()->toText(true) << endl;
        }
    }
}

void
GenericHostDataSourceTest::compareDuids(const ConstHostPtr& host1,
                                        const ConstHostPtr& host2,
                                        bool expect_match) {
    ASSERT_TRUE(host1);
    ASSERT_TRUE(host2);

    // compare if both have or have not DUID set
    if ((host1->getDuid() && !host2->getDuid()) ||
        (!host1->getDuid() && host2->getDuid())) {

        // One host has a DUID and the other doesn't.
        // Let's see if it's a problem.
        if (expect_match) {
            ADD_FAILURE() << "DUID comparison failed: host1 duid="
                          << host1->getDuid() << ", host2 duid="
                          << host2->getDuid();
        }
        return;
    }

    // Now we know that either both or neither have DUID set.
    // If host1 has it, we can proceed to value comparison.
    if (host1->getDuid()) {

        if (expect_match) {
            EXPECT_TRUE(*host1->getDuid() == *host2->getDuid());
        } else {
            EXPECT_FALSE(*host1->getDuid() == *host2->getDuid());
        }
        if (*host1->getDuid() != *host2->getDuid()) {
            cout << host1->getDuid()->toText() << endl;
            cout << host2->getDuid()->toText() << endl;
        }
    }
}

void GenericHostDataSourceTest::compareHosts(const ConstHostPtr& host1,
                                             const ConstHostPtr& host2) {

    // Let's compare HW addresses and expect match.
    compareHwaddrs(host1, host2, true);

    // Now compare DUIDs
    compareDuids(host1, host2, true);

    // Now check that the identifiers returned as vectors are the same
    EXPECT_EQ(host1->getIdentifierType(), host2->getIdentifierType());
    EXPECT_TRUE(host1->getIdentifier() == host2->getIdentifier());

    // Check host parameters
    EXPECT_EQ(host1->getIPv4SubnetID(), host2->getIPv4SubnetID());
    EXPECT_EQ(host1->getIPv6SubnetID(), host2->getIPv6SubnetID());
    EXPECT_EQ(host1->getIPv4Reservation(), host2->getIPv4Reservation());
    EXPECT_EQ(host1->getHostname(), host2->getHostname());
    EXPECT_EQ(host1->getNextServer(), host2->getNextServer());
    EXPECT_EQ(host1->getServerHostname(), host2->getServerHostname());
    EXPECT_EQ(host1->getBootFileName(), host2->getBootFileName());

    // Compare IPv6 reservations
    compareReservations6(host1->getIPv6Reservations(),
                         host2->getIPv6Reservations());

    // Compare client classification details
    compareClientClasses(host1->getClientClasses4(),
                         host2->getClientClasses4());

    compareClientClasses(host1->getClientClasses6(),
                         host2->getClientClasses6());

    // Compare DHCPv4 and DHCPv6 options.
    compareOptions(host1->getCfgOption4(), host2->getCfgOption4());
    compareOptions(host1->getCfgOption6(), host2->getCfgOption6());
}

DuidPtr
GenericHostDataSourceTest::HWAddrToDuid(const HWAddrPtr& hwaddr) {
    if (!hwaddr) {
        return (DuidPtr());
    }

    return (DuidPtr(new DUID(hwaddr->hwaddr_)));
}

HWAddrPtr
GenericHostDataSourceTest::DuidToHWAddr(const DuidPtr& duid) {
    if (!duid) {
        return (HWAddrPtr());
    }

    return (HWAddrPtr(new HWAddr(duid->getDuid(), HTYPE_ETHER)));
}


void
GenericHostDataSourceTest::compareReservations6(IPv6ResrvRange resrv1,
                                                IPv6ResrvRange resrv2) {

    // Compare number of reservations for both hosts
    if (std::distance(resrv1.first, resrv1.second) !=
            std::distance(resrv2.first, resrv2.second)){
        ADD_FAILURE()<< "Reservation comparison failed, "
            "hosts got different number of reservations.";
        return;
    }

    // Iterate over the range of reservations to find a match in the
    // reference range.
    for (IPv6ResrvIterator r1 = resrv1.first; r1 != resrv1.second; ++r1) {
        IPv6ResrvIterator r2 = resrv2.first;
        for (; r2 != resrv2.second; ++r2) {
            // IPv6Resrv object implements equality operator.
            if (r1->second == r2->second) {
                break;
            }
        }
        // If r2 iterator reached the end of the range it means that there
        // is no match.
        if (r2 == resrv2.second) {
            ADD_FAILURE() << "No match found for reservation: "
                          << resrv1.first->second.getPrefix().toText();
        }
    }

    if (std::distance(resrv1.first, resrv1.second) > 0) {
        for (; resrv1.first != resrv1.second; resrv1.first++) {
            IPv6ResrvIterator iter = resrv2.first;
            while (iter != resrv2.second) {
                if((resrv1.first->second.getType() == iter->second.getType()) &&
                        (resrv1.first->second.getPrefixLen() == iter->second.getPrefixLen()) &&
                        (resrv1.first->second.getPrefix() == iter->second.getPrefix())) {
                    break;
                }
                iter++;
                if (iter == resrv2.second) {
                    ADD_FAILURE()<< "Reservation comparison failed, "
                    "no match for reservation: "
                    << resrv1.first->second.getPrefix().toText();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

void
GenericHostDataSourceTest::compareClientClasses(const ClientClasses& classes1,
                                                const ClientClasses& classes2) {
    EXPECT_TRUE(std::equal(classes1.begin(), classes1.end(), classes2.begin()));
}

void
GenericHostDataSourceTest::compareOptions(const ConstCfgOptionPtr& cfg1,
                                          const ConstCfgOptionPtr& cfg2) const {
    ASSERT_TRUE(cfg1);
    ASSERT_TRUE(cfg2);

    // Combine option space names with vendor space names in a single list.
    std::list<std::string> option_spaces = cfg2->getOptionSpaceNames();
    std::list<std::string> vendor_spaces = cfg2->getVendorIdsSpaceNames();
    option_spaces.insert(option_spaces.end(), vendor_spaces.begin(),
                         vendor_spaces.end());

    // Make sure that the number of option spaces is equal in both
    // configurations.
    EXPECT_EQ(option_spaces.size(), cfg1->getOptionSpaceNames().size());
    EXPECT_EQ(vendor_spaces.size(), cfg1->getVendorIdsSpaceNames().size());

    // Iterate over all option spaces existing in cfg2.
    BOOST_FOREACH(std::string space, option_spaces) {
        // Retrieve options belonging to the current option space.
        OptionContainerPtr options1 = cfg1->getAll(space);
        OptionContainerPtr options2 = cfg2->getAll(space);
        ASSERT_TRUE(options1) << "failed for option space " << space;
        ASSERT_TRUE(options2) << "failed for option space " << space;

        // If number of options doesn't match, the test fails.
        ASSERT_EQ(options1->size(), options2->size())
            << "failed for option space " << space;

        // Iterate over all options within this option space.
        BOOST_FOREACH(OptionDescriptor desc1, *options1) {
            OptionDescriptor desc2 = cfg2->get(space, desc1.option_->getType());
            // Compare persistent flag.
            EXPECT_EQ(desc1.persistent_, desc2.persistent_)
                << "failed for option " << space << "." << desc1.option_->getType();
            // Compare formatted value.
            EXPECT_EQ(desc1.formatted_value_, desc2.formatted_value_)
                << "failed for option " << space << "." << desc1.option_->getType();

            // Retrieve options.
            Option* option1 = desc1.option_.get();
            Option* option2 = desc2.option_.get();

            // Options must be represented by the same C++ class derived from
            // the Option class.
            EXPECT_TRUE(typeid(*option1) == typeid(*option2))
                << "Comapared DHCP options, having option code "
                << desc1.option_->getType() << " and belonging to the "
                << space << " option space, are represented "
                "by different C++ classes: "
                << typeid(*option1).name() << " vs "
                << typeid(*option2).name();

            // Because we use different C++ classes to represent different
            // options, the simplest way to make sure that the options are
            // equal is to simply compare them in wire format.
            OutputBuffer buf1(option1->len());
            ASSERT_NO_THROW(option1->pack(buf1));
            OutputBuffer buf2(option2->len());
            ASSERT_NO_THROW(option2->pack(buf2));

            ASSERT_EQ(buf1.getLength(), buf2.getLength())
                 << "failed for option " << space << "." << desc1.option_->getType();
            EXPECT_EQ(0, memcmp(buf1.getData(), buf2.getData(), buf1.getLength()))
                << "failed for option " << space << "." << desc1.option_->getType();
        }
    }
}

OptionDescriptor
GenericHostDataSourceTest::createEmptyOption(const Option::Universe& universe,
                                             const uint16_t option_type,
                                             const bool persist) const {
    OptionPtr option(new Option(universe, option_type));
    OptionDescriptor desc(option, persist);
    return (desc);
}


OptionDescriptor
GenericHostDataSourceTest::createVendorOption(const Option::Universe& universe,
                                              const bool persist,
                                              const bool formatted,
                                              const uint32_t vendor_id) const {
    OptionVendorPtr option(new OptionVendor(universe, vendor_id));

    std::ostringstream s;
    if (formatted) {
        // Vendor id comprises vendor-id field, for which we need to
        // assign a value in the textual (formatted) format.
        s << vendor_id;
    }

    OptionDescriptor desc(option, persist, s.str());
    return (desc);
}

void
GenericHostDataSourceTest::addTestOptions(const HostPtr& host,
                                          const bool formatted,
                                          const AddedOptions& added_options) const {

    OptionDefSpaceContainer defs;

    if ((added_options == DHCP4_ONLY) || (added_options == DHCP4_AND_DHCP6)) {
        // Add DHCPv4 options.
        CfgOptionPtr opts = host->getCfgOption4();
        opts->add(createOption<OptionString>(Option::V4, DHO_BOOT_FILE_NAME,
                                             true, formatted, "my-boot-file"),
                  DHCP4_OPTION_SPACE);
        opts->add(createOption<OptionUint8>(Option::V4, DHO_DEFAULT_IP_TTL,
                                            false, formatted, 64),
                  DHCP4_OPTION_SPACE);
        opts->add(createOption<OptionUint32>(Option::V4, 1, false, formatted, 312131),
                  "vendor-encapsulated-options");
        opts->add(createAddressOption<Option4AddrLst>(254, false, formatted, "192.0.2.3"),
                  DHCP4_OPTION_SPACE);
        opts->add(createEmptyOption(Option::V4, 1, true), "isc");
        opts->add(createAddressOption<Option4AddrLst>(2, false, formatted, "10.0.0.5",
                                                      "10.0.0.3", "10.0.3.4"),
                  "isc");

        // Add definitions for DHCPv4 non-standard options.
        defs.addItem(OptionDefinitionPtr(new OptionDefinition("vendor-encapsulated-1",
                                                              1, "uint32")),
                     "vendor-encapsulated-options");
        defs.addItem(OptionDefinitionPtr(new OptionDefinition("option-254", 254,
                                                              "ipv4-address", true)),
                     DHCP4_OPTION_SPACE);
        defs.addItem(OptionDefinitionPtr(new OptionDefinition("isc-1", 1, "empty")),
                     "isc");
        defs.addItem(OptionDefinitionPtr(new OptionDefinition("isc-2", 2,
                                                              "ipv4-address", true)),
                     "isc");
    }

    if ((added_options == DHCP6_ONLY) || (added_options == DHCP4_AND_DHCP6)) {
        // Add DHCPv6 options.
        CfgOptionPtr opts = host->getCfgOption6();
        opts->add(createOption<OptionString>(Option::V6, D6O_BOOTFILE_URL,
                                             true, formatted, "my-boot-file"),
                  DHCP6_OPTION_SPACE);
        opts->add(createOption<OptionUint32>(Option::V6, D6O_INFORMATION_REFRESH_TIME,
                                             false, formatted, 3600),
                  DHCP6_OPTION_SPACE);
        opts->add(createVendorOption(Option::V6, false, formatted, 2495),
                  DHCP6_OPTION_SPACE);
        opts->add(createAddressOption<Option6AddrLst>(1024, false, formatted,
                                                      "2001:db8:1::1"),
                  DHCP6_OPTION_SPACE);
        opts->add(createEmptyOption(Option::V6, 1, true), "isc2");
        opts->add(createAddressOption<Option6AddrLst>(2, false, formatted, "3000::1",
                                                      "3000::2", "3000::3"),
                  "isc2");

        // Add definitions for DHCPv6 non-standard options.
        defs.addItem(OptionDefinitionPtr(new OptionDefinition("option-1024", 1024,
                                                              "ipv6-address", true)),
                     DHCP6_OPTION_SPACE);
        defs.addItem(OptionDefinitionPtr(new OptionDefinition("option-1", 1, "empty")),
                     "isc2");
        defs.addItem(OptionDefinitionPtr(new OptionDefinition("option-2", 2,
                                                              "ipv6-address", true)),
                     "isc2");
    }

    // Register created "runtime" option definitions. They will be used by a
    // host data source to convert option data into the appropriate option
    // classes when the options are retrieved.
    LibDHCP::setRuntimeOptionDefs(defs);
}

void GenericHostDataSourceTest::testBasic4(const Host::IdentifierType& id) {
    // Make sure we have the pointer to the host data source.
    ASSERT_TRUE(hdsptr_);

    // Create a host reservation.
    HostPtr host = initializeHost4("192.0.2.1", id);
    ASSERT_TRUE(host); // Make sure the host is generate properly.
    SubnetID subnet = host->getIPv4SubnetID();

    // Try to add it to the host data source.
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host));

    // This should not return anything
    ConstHostPtr from_hds = hdsptr_->get4(subnet, IOAddress("10.10.10.10"));
    ASSERT_FALSE(from_hds);

    // This time it should return a host
    from_hds = hdsptr_->get4(subnet, IOAddress("192.0.2.1"));
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds);

    // Finally, let's check if what we got makes any sense.
    compareHosts(host, from_hds);
}


void GenericHostDataSourceTest::testGetByIPv4(const Host::IdentifierType& id) {
    // Make sure we have a pointer to the host data source.
    ASSERT_TRUE(hdsptr_);

    // Let's create a couple of hosts...
    HostPtr host1 = initializeHost4("192.0.2.1", id);
    HostPtr host2 = initializeHost4("192.0.2.2", id);
    HostPtr host3 = initializeHost4("192.0.2.3", id);
    HostPtr host4 = initializeHost4("192.0.2.4", id);

    // ... and add them to the data source.
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host1));
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host2));
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host3));
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host4));

    SubnetID subnet1 = host1->getIPv4SubnetID();
    SubnetID subnet2 = host2->getIPv4SubnetID();
    SubnetID subnet3 = host3->getIPv4SubnetID();
    SubnetID subnet4 = host4->getIPv4SubnetID();

    // And then try to retrieve them back.
    ConstHostPtr from_hds1 = hdsptr_->get4(subnet1, IOAddress("192.0.2.1"));
    ConstHostPtr from_hds2 = hdsptr_->get4(subnet2, IOAddress("192.0.2.2"));
    ConstHostPtr from_hds3 = hdsptr_->get4(subnet3, IOAddress("192.0.2.3"));
    ConstHostPtr from_hds4 = hdsptr_->get4(subnet4, IOAddress("192.0.2.4"));

    // Make sure we got something back.
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds1);
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds2);
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds3);
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds4);

    // Then let's check that what we got seems correct.
    compareHosts(host1, from_hds1);
    compareHosts(host2, from_hds2);
    compareHosts(host3, from_hds3);
    compareHosts(host4, from_hds4);

    // Ok, finally let's check that getting by a different address
    // will not work.
    EXPECT_FALSE(hdsptr_->get4(subnet1, IOAddress("192.0.1.5")));
}

void
GenericHostDataSourceTest::testGet4ByIdentifier(const Host::IdentifierType& identifier_type) {
    // Make sure we have a pointer to the host data source.
    ASSERT_TRUE(hdsptr_);

    HostPtr host1 = initializeHost4("192.0.2.1", identifier_type);
    HostPtr host2 = initializeHost4("192.0.2.2", identifier_type);

    // Sanity check: make sure the hosts have different identifiers..
    ASSERT_FALSE(host1->getIdentifier() == host2->getIdentifier());

    // Try to add both of them to the host data source.
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host1));
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host2));

    SubnetID subnet1 = host1->getIPv4SubnetID();
    SubnetID subnet2 = host2->getIPv4SubnetID();

    ConstHostPtr from_hds1 = hdsptr_->get4(subnet1,
                                           identifier_type,
                                           &host1->getIdentifier()[0],
                                           host1->getIdentifier().size());

    ConstHostPtr from_hds2 = hdsptr_->get4(subnet2,
                                           identifier_type,
                                           &host2->getIdentifier()[0],
                                           host2->getIdentifier().size());

    // Now let's check if we got what we expected.
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds1);
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds2);
    compareHosts(host1, from_hds1);
    compareHosts(host2, from_hds2);
}

void GenericHostDataSourceTest::testHWAddrNotClientId() {
    // Make sure we have a pointer to the host data source.
    ASSERT_TRUE(hdsptr_);

    // Create a host with HW address
    HostPtr host = initializeHost4("192.0.2.1", Host::IDENT_HWADDR);
    ASSERT_TRUE(host->getHWAddress());
    ASSERT_FALSE(host->getDuid());

    // Try to add it to the host data source.
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host));

    SubnetID subnet = host->getIPv4SubnetID();

    DuidPtr duid = HWAddrToDuid(host->getHWAddress());

    // Get the host by HW address (should succeed)
    ConstHostPtr by_hwaddr = hdsptr_->get4(subnet, Host::IDENT_HWADDR,
                                           &host->getIdentifier()[0],
                                           host->getIdentifier().size());

    // Get the host by DUID (should fail)
    ConstHostPtr by_duid   = hdsptr_->get4(subnet, Host::IDENT_DUID,
                                           &host->getIdentifier()[0],
                                           host->getIdentifier().size());

    // Now let's check if we got what we expected.
    EXPECT_TRUE(by_hwaddr);
    EXPECT_FALSE(by_duid);
}

void GenericHostDataSourceTest::testClientIdNotHWAddr() {
    // Make sure we have a pointer to the host data source.
    ASSERT_TRUE(hdsptr_);

    // Create a host with client-id
    HostPtr host = initializeHost4("192.0.2.1", Host::IDENT_DUID);
    ASSERT_FALSE(host->getHWAddress());
    ASSERT_TRUE(host->getDuid());

    // Try to add it to the host data source.
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host));

    SubnetID subnet = host->getIPv4SubnetID();

    HWAddrPtr hwaddr = DuidToHWAddr(host->getDuid());

    // Get the host by DUID (should succeed)
    ConstHostPtr by_duid   = hdsptr_->get4(subnet, Host::IDENT_DUID,
                                           &host->getIdentifier()[0],
                                           host->getIdentifier().size());


    // Get the host by HW address (should fail)
    ConstHostPtr by_hwaddr = hdsptr_->get4(subnet, Host::IDENT_HWADDR,
                                           &host->getIdentifier()[0],
                                           host->getIdentifier().size());

    // Now let's check if we got what we expected.
    EXPECT_TRUE(by_duid);
    EXPECT_FALSE(by_hwaddr);
}

void
GenericHostDataSourceTest::testHostname(std::string name, int num) {

    // Make sure we have a pointer to the host data source.
    ASSERT_TRUE(hdsptr_);

    // Initialize the address to 192.0.2.0 (this will be bumped
    // up to 192.0.2.1 in the first iteration)
    IOAddress addr("192.0.2.0");

    vector<HostPtr> hosts;

    // Prepare a vector of hosts with unique hostnames
    for (int i = 0; i < num; ++i) {

        addr = IOAddress::increase(addr);

        HostPtr host = initializeHost4(addr.toText(), Host::IDENT_DUID);

        stringstream hostname;
        hostname.str("");
        if (num > 1) {
            hostname << i;
        }
        hostname << name;
        host->setHostname(hostname.str());

        hosts.push_back(host);
    }

    // Now add them all to the host data source.
    for (vector<HostPtr>::const_iterator it = hosts.begin();
         it != hosts.end(); ++it) {
        // Try to add both of the to the host data source.
        ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(*it));
    }

    // And finally retrieve them one by one and check
    // if the hostname was preserved.
    for (vector<HostPtr>::const_iterator it = hosts.begin();
         it != hosts.end(); ++it) {

        ConstHostPtr from_hds;
        ASSERT_NO_THROW(from_hds = hdsptr_->get4(
                            (*it)->getIPv4SubnetID(),
                            (*it)->getIPv4Reservation()));
        ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds);

        EXPECT_EQ((*it)->getHostname(), from_hds->getHostname());
    }
}

void
GenericHostDataSourceTest::testMultipleSubnets(int subnets,
                                               const Host::IdentifierType& id) {

    // Make sure we have a pointer to the host data source.
    ASSERT_TRUE(hdsptr_);

    HostPtr host = initializeHost4("192.0.2.1", id);

    for (int i = 0; i < subnets; ++i) {
        host->setIPv4SubnetID(i + 1000);
        host->setIPv6SubnetID(i + 1000);

        // Check that the same host can have reservations in multiple subnets.
        EXPECT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host));
    }

    // Now check that the reservations can be retrieved by IPv4 address from
    // each subnet separately.
    for (int i = 0; i < subnets; ++i) {

        // Try to retrieve the host by IPv4 address.
        ConstHostPtr from_hds = hdsptr_->get4(i + 1000, host->getIPv4Reservation());

        ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds);
        EXPECT_EQ(i + 1000, from_hds->getIPv4SubnetID());

        // Try to retrieve the host by either HW address of client-id
        from_hds = hdsptr_->get4(i + 1000,
                                 id, &host->getIdentifier()[0],
                                 host->getIdentifier().size());
        ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds);
        EXPECT_EQ(i + 1000, from_hds->getIPv4SubnetID());
    }

    // Now check that they can be retrieved all at once, by IPv4 address.
    ConstHostCollection all_by_addr = hdsptr_->getAll4(IOAddress("192.0.2.1"));
    ASSERT_EQ(subnets, all_by_addr.size());

    // Verify that the values returned are proper.
    int i = 0;
    for (ConstHostCollection::const_iterator it = all_by_addr.begin();
         it != all_by_addr.end(); ++it) {
        EXPECT_EQ(IOAddress("192.0.2.1"), (*it)->getIPv4Reservation());
        EXPECT_EQ(1000 + i++, (*it)->getIPv4SubnetID());
    }

    // Finally, check that the hosts can be retrived by HW address or DUID
    ConstHostCollection all_by_id =
        hdsptr_->getAll(id, &host->getIdentifier()[0],
                        host->getIdentifier().size());
    ASSERT_EQ(subnets, all_by_id.size());

    // Check that the returned values are as expected.
    i = 0;
    for (ConstHostCollection::const_iterator it = all_by_id.begin();
         it != all_by_id.end(); ++it) {
        EXPECT_EQ(IOAddress("192.0.2.1"), (*it)->getIPv4Reservation());
        EXPECT_EQ(1000 + i++, (*it)->getIPv4SubnetID());
    }
}

void GenericHostDataSourceTest::testGet6ByHWAddr() {
    // Make sure we have the pointer to the host data source.
    ASSERT_TRUE(hdsptr_);

    // Create a host reservations.
    HostPtr host1 = initializeHost6("2001:db8::1", Host::IDENT_HWADDR, false);
    HostPtr host2 = initializeHost6("2001:db8::2", Host::IDENT_HWADDR, false);

    // Sanity check: make sure the hosts have different HW addresses.
    ASSERT_TRUE(host1->getHWAddress());
    ASSERT_TRUE(host2->getHWAddress());

    compareHwaddrs(host1, host2, false);

    // Try to add both of them to the host data source.
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host1));
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host2));

    SubnetID subnet1 = host1->getIPv6SubnetID();
    SubnetID subnet2 = host2->getIPv6SubnetID();

    ConstHostPtr from_hds1 = hdsptr_->get6(subnet1, Host::IDENT_HWADDR,
                                           &host1->getIdentifier()[0],
                                           host1->getIdentifier().size());

    ConstHostPtr from_hds2 = hdsptr_->get6(subnet2, Host::IDENT_HWADDR,
                                           &host2->getIdentifier()[0],
                                           host2->getIdentifier().size());

    // Now let's check if we got what we expected.
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds1);
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds2);
    compareHosts(host1, from_hds1);
    compareHosts(host2, from_hds2);
}

void GenericHostDataSourceTest::testGet6ByClientId() {
    // Make sure we have the pointer to the host data source.
    ASSERT_TRUE(hdsptr_);

    // Create a host reservations.
    HostPtr host1 = initializeHost6("2001:db8::1", Host::IDENT_DUID, false);
    HostPtr host2 = initializeHost6("2001:db8::2", Host::IDENT_DUID, false);

    // Sanity check: make sure the hosts have different HW addresses.
    ASSERT_TRUE(host1->getDuid());
    ASSERT_TRUE(host2->getDuid());

    compareDuids(host1, host2, false);

    // Try to add both of them to the host data source.
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host1));
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host2));

    SubnetID subnet1 = host1->getIPv6SubnetID();
    SubnetID subnet2 = host2->getIPv6SubnetID();

    ConstHostPtr from_hds1 = hdsptr_->get6(subnet1, Host::IDENT_DUID,
                                           &host1->getIdentifier()[0],
                                           host1->getIdentifier().size());

    ConstHostPtr from_hds2 = hdsptr_->get6(subnet2, Host::IDENT_DUID,
                                           &host2->getIdentifier()[0],
                                           host2->getIdentifier().size());

    // Now let's check if we got what we expected.
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds1);
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds2);
    compareHosts(host1, from_hds1);
    compareHosts(host2, from_hds2);
}

void
GenericHostDataSourceTest::testSubnetId6(int subnets, Host::IdentifierType id) {

    // Make sure we have a pointer to the host data source.
    ASSERT_TRUE(hdsptr_);

    HostPtr host;
    IOAddress current_address("2001:db8::0");
    for (int i = 0; i < subnets; ++i) {
        // Last boolean value set to false indicates that the same identifier
        // must be used for each generated host.
        host = initializeHost6(current_address.toText(), id, true, false);

        host->setIPv4SubnetID(i + 1000);
        host->setIPv6SubnetID(i + 1000);

        // Check that the same host can have reservations in multiple subnets.
        EXPECT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host));

        // Increase address to make sure we don't assign the same address
        // in different subnets.
        current_address = IOAddress::increase(current_address);
    }

    // Check that the reservations can be retrieved from each subnet separately.
    for (int i = 0; i < subnets; ++i) {

        // Try to retrieve the host
        ConstHostPtr from_hds = hdsptr_->get6(i + 1000, id, &host->getIdentifier()[0],
                                              host->getIdentifier().size());

        ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds) << "failed for i=" << i;
        EXPECT_EQ(i + 1000, from_hds->getIPv6SubnetID());
    }

    // Check that the hosts can all be retrived by HW address or DUID
    ConstHostCollection all_by_id = hdsptr_->getAll(id, &host->getIdentifier()[0],
                                                    host->getIdentifier().size());
    ASSERT_EQ(subnets, all_by_id.size());

    // Check that the returned values are as expected.
    int i = 0;
    for (ConstHostCollection::const_iterator it = all_by_id.begin();
         it != all_by_id.end(); ++it) {
        EXPECT_EQ(IOAddress("0.0.0.0"), (*it)->getIPv4Reservation());
        EXPECT_EQ(1000 + i++, (*it)->getIPv6SubnetID());
    }
}

void GenericHostDataSourceTest::testGetByIPv6(Host::IdentifierType id,
                                              bool prefix) {
    // Make sure we have a pointer to the host data source.
    ASSERT_TRUE(hdsptr_);

    // Let's create a couple of hosts...
    HostPtr host1 = initializeHost6("2001:db8::1", id, prefix);
    HostPtr host2 = initializeHost6("2001:db8::2", id, prefix);
    HostPtr host3 = initializeHost6("2001:db8::3", id, prefix);
    HostPtr host4 = initializeHost6("2001:db8::4", id, prefix);

    // ... and add them to the data source.
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host1));
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host2));
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host3));
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host4));

    // Are we talking about addresses or prefixes?
    uint8_t len = prefix ? 64 : 128;

    // And then try to retrieve them back.
    ConstHostPtr from_hds1 = hdsptr_->get6(IOAddress("2001:db8::1"), len);
    ConstHostPtr from_hds2 = hdsptr_->get6(IOAddress("2001:db8::2"), len);
    ConstHostPtr from_hds3 = hdsptr_->get6(IOAddress("2001:db8::3"), len);
    ConstHostPtr from_hds4 = hdsptr_->get6(IOAddress("2001:db8::4"), len);

    // Make sure we got something back.
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds1);
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds2);
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds3);
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds4);

    // Then let's check that what we got seems correct.
    compareHosts(host1, from_hds1);
    compareHosts(host2, from_hds2);
    compareHosts(host3, from_hds3);
    compareHosts(host4, from_hds4);

    // Ok, finally let's check that getting by a different address
    // will not work.
    EXPECT_FALSE(hdsptr_->get6(IOAddress("2001:db8::5"), len));
}

void GenericHostDataSourceTest::testAddDuplicate6WithSameDUID() {
    // Make sure we have the pointer to the host data source.
    ASSERT_TRUE(hdsptr_);

    // Create a host reservations.
    HostPtr host = initializeHost6("2001:db8::1", Host::IDENT_DUID, true);

    // Add this reservation once.
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host));

    // Then try to add it again, it should throw an exception.
    ASSERT_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host), DuplicateEntry);
}

void GenericHostDataSourceTest::testAddDuplicate6WithSameHWAddr() {
    // Make sure we have the pointer to the host data source.
    ASSERT_TRUE(hdsptr_);

    // Create a host reservations.
    HostPtr host = initializeHost6("2001:db8::1", Host::IDENT_HWADDR, true);

    // Add this reservation once.
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host));

    // Then try to add it again, it should throw an exception.
    ASSERT_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host), DuplicateEntry);
}

void GenericHostDataSourceTest::testAddDuplicate4() {
    // Make sure we have the pointer to the host data source.
    ASSERT_TRUE(hdsptr_);

    // Create a host reservations.
    HostPtr host = initializeHost4("192.0.2.1", Host::IDENT_DUID);

    // Add this reservation once.
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host));

    // Then try to add it again, it should throw an exception.
    ASSERT_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host), DuplicateEntry);

    // This time use a different host identifier and try again.
    // This update should be rejected because of duplicated
    // address.
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(host->setIdentifier("01:02:03:04:05:06", "hw-address"));
    ASSERT_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host), DuplicateEntry);

    // Modify address to avoid its duplication and make sure
    // we can now add the host.
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(host->setIPv4Reservation(IOAddress("192.0.2.3")));
    EXPECT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host));
}

void GenericHostDataSourceTest::testAddr6AndPrefix(){
    // Make sure we have the pointer to the host data source.
    ASSERT_TRUE(hdsptr_);

    // Create a host reservations with prefix reservation (prefix = true)
    HostPtr host = initializeHost6("2001:db8::1", Host::IDENT_DUID, true);

    // Create IPv6 reservation (for an address) and add it to the host
    IPv6Resrv resv(IPv6Resrv::TYPE_NA, IOAddress("2001:db8::2"), 128);
    host->addReservation(resv);

    // Add this reservation
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host));

    // Get this host by DUID
    ConstHostPtr from_hds = hdsptr_->get6(host->getIPv6SubnetID(),
                                          Host::IDENT_DUID,
                                          &host->getIdentifier()[0],
                                          host->getIdentifier().size());

    // Make sure we got something back
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds);

    // Check if reservations are the same
    compareReservations6(host->getIPv6Reservations(),
                         from_hds->getIPv6Reservations());
}

void GenericHostDataSourceTest::testMultipleReservations(){
    // Make sure we have the pointer to the host data source.
    ASSERT_TRUE(hdsptr_);
    uint8_t len = 128;

    HostPtr host = initializeHost6("2001:db8::1", Host::IDENT_DUID, false);

    // Add some reservations
    IPv6Resrv resv1(IPv6Resrv::TYPE_NA, IOAddress("2001:db8::6"), len);
    IPv6Resrv resv2(IPv6Resrv::TYPE_NA, IOAddress("2001:db8::7"), len);
    IPv6Resrv resv3(IPv6Resrv::TYPE_NA, IOAddress("2001:db8::8"), len);
    IPv6Resrv resv4(IPv6Resrv::TYPE_NA, IOAddress("2001:db8::9"), len);

    host->addReservation(resv1);
    host->addReservation(resv2);
    host->addReservation(resv3);
    host->addReservation(resv4);

    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host));


    ConstHostPtr from_hds = hdsptr_->get6(IOAddress("2001:db8::1"), len);

    // Make sure we got something back
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds);

    // Check if hosts are the same
    compareHosts(host, from_hds);
}

void GenericHostDataSourceTest::testMultipleReservationsDifferentOrder(){
    // Make sure we have the pointer to the host data source.
    ASSERT_TRUE(hdsptr_);
    uint8_t len = 128;

    HostPtr host1 = initializeHost6("2001:db8::1", Host::IDENT_DUID, false);
    HostPtr host2 = initializeHost6("2001:db8::1", Host::IDENT_DUID, false);

    // Add some reservations
    IPv6Resrv resv1(IPv6Resrv::TYPE_NA, IOAddress("2001:db8::6"), len);
    IPv6Resrv resv2(IPv6Resrv::TYPE_NA, IOAddress("2001:db8::7"), len);
    IPv6Resrv resv3(IPv6Resrv::TYPE_NA, IOAddress("2001:db8::8"), len);
    IPv6Resrv resv4(IPv6Resrv::TYPE_NA, IOAddress("2001:db8::9"), len);

    host1->addReservation(resv1);
    host1->addReservation(resv2);
    host1->addReservation(resv3);
    host1->addReservation(resv4);

    host2->addReservation(resv4);
    host2->addReservation(resv3);
    host2->addReservation(resv2);
    host2->addReservation(resv1);

    // Check if reservations are the same
    compareReservations6(host1->getIPv6Reservations(), host2->getIPv6Reservations());

}

void GenericHostDataSourceTest::testOptionsReservations4(const bool formatted) {
    HostPtr host = initializeHost4("192.0.2.5", Host::IDENT_HWADDR);
    // Add a bunch of DHCPv4 and DHCPv6 options for the host.
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(addTestOptions(host, formatted, DHCP4_ONLY));
    // Insert host and the options into respective tables.
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host));
    // Subnet id will be used in quries to the database.
    SubnetID subnet_id = host->getIPv4SubnetID();

    // getAll4(address)
    ConstHostCollection hosts_by_addr = hdsptr_->getAll4(host->getIPv4Reservation());
    ASSERT_EQ(1, hosts_by_addr.size());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(compareHosts(host, *hosts_by_addr.begin()));

    // get4(subnet_id, identifier_type, identifier, identifier_size)
    ConstHostPtr host_by_id = hdsptr_->get4(subnet_id,
                                            host->getIdentifierType(),
                                            &host->getIdentifier()[0],
                                            host->getIdentifier().size());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(compareHosts(host, host_by_id));

    // get4(subnet_id, address)
    ConstHostPtr host_by_addr = hdsptr_->get4(subnet_id, IOAddress("192.0.2.5"));
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(compareHosts(host, host_by_addr));
}

void GenericHostDataSourceTest::testOptionsReservations6(const bool formatted) {
    HostPtr host = initializeHost6("2001:db8::1", Host::IDENT_DUID, false);
    // Add a bunch of DHCPv4 and DHCPv6 options for the host.
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(addTestOptions(host, formatted, DHCP6_ONLY));
    // Insert host, options and IPv6 reservations into respective tables.
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host));
    // Subnet id will be used in queries to the database.
    SubnetID subnet_id = host->getIPv6SubnetID();

    // get6(subnet_id, identifier_type, identifier, identifier_size)
    ConstHostPtr host_by_id = hdsptr_->get6(subnet_id, host->getIdentifierType(),
                                            &host->getIdentifier()[0],
                                            host->getIdentifier().size());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(compareHosts(host, host_by_id));

    // get6(address, prefix_len)
    ConstHostPtr host_by_addr = hdsptr_->get6(IOAddress("2001:db8::1"), 128);
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(compareHosts(host, host_by_addr));
}

void GenericHostDataSourceTest::testOptionsReservations46(const bool formatted) {
    HostPtr host = initializeHost6("2001:db8::1", Host::IDENT_HWADDR, false);

    // Add a bunch of DHCPv4 and DHCPv6 options for the host.
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(addTestOptions(host, formatted, DHCP4_AND_DHCP6));
    // Insert host, options and IPv6 reservations into respective tables.
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host));

    // getAll(identifier_type, identifier, identifier_size)
    ConstHostCollection hosts_by_id = hdsptr_->getAll(host->getIdentifierType(),
                                                      &host->getIdentifier()[0],
                                                      host->getIdentifier().size());
    ASSERT_EQ(1, hosts_by_id.size());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(compareHosts(host, *hosts_by_id.begin()));
}

void
GenericHostDataSourceTest::testMultipleClientClasses4() {
    ASSERT_TRUE(hdsptr_);

    // Create the Host object.
    HostPtr host = initializeHost4("192.0.2.5", Host::IDENT_HWADDR);

    // Add v4 classes to the host.
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
        std::ostringstream os;
        os << "class4_" << i;
        host->addClientClass4(os.str());
    }

    // Add the host.
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host));

    // Subnet id will be used in quries to the database.
    SubnetID subnet_id = host->getIPv4SubnetID();

    // Fetch the host via:
    // getAll(const HWAddrPtr& hwaddr, const DuidPtr& duid = DuidPtr()) const;
    ConstHostCollection hosts_by_id = hdsptr_->getAll(host->getHWAddress());
    ASSERT_EQ(1, hosts_by_id.size());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(compareHosts(host, *hosts_by_id.begin()));

    // Fetch the host via:
    // getAll(const Host::IdentifierType, const uint8_t* identifier_begin,
    //       const size_t identifier_len) const;
    hosts_by_id = hdsptr_->getAll(host->getIdentifierType(), &host->getIdentifier()[0],
                                  host->getIdentifier().size());
    ASSERT_EQ(1, hosts_by_id.size());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(compareHosts(host, *hosts_by_id.begin()));

    // Fetch the host via
    // getAll4(const asiolink::IOAddress& address) const;
    hosts_by_id = hdsptr_->getAll4(IOAddress("192.0.2.5"));
    ASSERT_EQ(1, hosts_by_id.size());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(compareHosts(host, *hosts_by_id.begin()));

    // Fetch the host via
    // get4(const SubnetID& subnet_id, const HWAddrPtr& hwaddr,
    //     const DuidPtr& duid = DuidPtr()) const;
    ConstHostPtr from_hds = hdsptr_->get4(subnet_id, host->getHWAddress());
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds);
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(compareHosts(host, from_hds));

    // Fetch the host via
    // get4(const SubnetID& subnet_id, const Host::IdentifierType& identifier_type,
    //     const uint8_t* identifier_begin, const size_t identifier_len) const;
    from_hds = hdsptr_->get4(subnet_id, host->getIdentifierType(), &host->getIdentifier()[0],
                             host->getIdentifier().size());
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds);
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(compareHosts(host, from_hds));

    // Fetch the host via:
    // get4(const SubnetID& subnet_id, const asiolink::IOAddress& address) const;
    from_hds = hdsptr_->get4(subnet_id, IOAddress("192.0.2.5"));
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds);
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(compareHosts(host, from_hds));
}

void
GenericHostDataSourceTest::testMultipleClientClasses6() {
    ASSERT_TRUE(hdsptr_);

    // Create the Host object.
    HostPtr host = initializeHost6("2001:db8::1", Host::IDENT_HWADDR, false);

    // Add v6 classes to the host.
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
        std::ostringstream os;
        os << "class6_" << i;
        host->addClientClass6(os.str());
    }

    // Add the host.
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host));

    // Subnet id will be used in quries to the database.
    SubnetID subnet_id = host->getIPv6SubnetID();

    // Fetch the host via:
    // getAll(const HWAddrPtr& hwaddr, const DuidPtr& duid = DuidPtr()) const;
    ConstHostCollection hosts_by_id = hdsptr_->getAll(host->getHWAddress());
    ASSERT_EQ(1, hosts_by_id.size());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(compareHosts(host, *hosts_by_id.begin()));

    // getAll(const Host::IdentifierType& identifier_type,
    //        const uint8_t* identifier_begin,
    //        const size_t identifier_len) const;
    hosts_by_id = hdsptr_->getAll(host->getIdentifierType(), &host->getIdentifier()[0],
                                  host->getIdentifier().size());
    ASSERT_EQ(1, hosts_by_id.size());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(compareHosts(host, *hosts_by_id.begin()));

    // get6(const SubnetID& subnet_id, const DuidPtr& duid,
    //      const HWAddrPtr& hwaddr = HWAddrPtr()) const;
    ConstHostPtr from_hds = hdsptr_->get6(subnet_id, DuidPtr(), host->getHWAddress());
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds);
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(compareHosts(host, from_hds));

    // Fetch the host via:
    // get6(const SubnetID& subnet_id, const Host::IdentifierType& identifier_type,
    //     const uint8_t* identifier_begin, const size_t identifier_len) const;
    from_hds = hdsptr_->get6(subnet_id, Host::IDENT_HWADDR,
                                           &host->getIdentifier()[0],
                                           host->getIdentifier().size());
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds);
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(compareHosts(host, from_hds));

    // Fetch the host via:
    // get6(const asiolink::IOAddress& prefix, const uint8_t prefix_len) const;
    from_hds = hdsptr_->get6(IOAddress("2001:db8::1"), 128);
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds);
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(compareHosts(host, from_hds));
}

void
GenericHostDataSourceTest::testMultipleClientClassesBoth() {
    /// Add host reservation with a multiple v4 and v6 client-classes,
    /// retrieve it and make sure that all client classes are retrieved
    /// properly.
    ASSERT_TRUE(hdsptr_);

    // Create the Host object.
    HostPtr host = initializeHost6("2001:db8::1", Host::IDENT_HWADDR, false);

    // Add v4 classes to the host.
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
        std::ostringstream os;
        os << "class4_" << i;
        host->addClientClass4(os.str());
    }

    // Add v6 classes to the host.
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
        std::ostringstream os;
        os << "class6_" << i;
        host->addClientClass6(os.str());
    }

    // Add the host.
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host));

    // Subnet id will be used in quries to the database.
    SubnetID subnet_id = host->getIPv6SubnetID();

    // Fetch the host from the source.
    ConstHostPtr from_hds = hdsptr_->get6(subnet_id, Host::IDENT_HWADDR,
                                           &host->getIdentifier()[0],
                                           host->getIdentifier().size());
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds);

    // Verify they match.
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(compareHosts(host, from_hds));
}

void
GenericHostDataSourceTest::testMessageFields4() {
    ASSERT_TRUE(hdsptr_);

    // Create the Host object.
    HostPtr host = initializeHost4("192.0.2.5", Host::IDENT_HWADDR);
    // And assign values for DHCPv4 message fields.
    ASSERT_NO_THROW({
        host->setNextServer(IOAddress("10.1.1.1"));
        host->setServerHostname("server-name.example.org");
        host->setBootFileName("bootfile.efi");
    });

    // Add the host.
    ASSERT_NO_THROW(hdsptr_->add(host));

    // Subnet id will be used in quries to the database.
    SubnetID subnet_id = host->getIPv4SubnetID();

    // Fetch the host via:
    // getAll(const HWAddrPtr& hwaddr, const DuidPtr& duid = DuidPtr()) const;
    ConstHostCollection hosts_by_id = hdsptr_->getAll(host->getHWAddress());
    ASSERT_EQ(1, hosts_by_id.size());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(compareHosts(host, *hosts_by_id.begin()));

    // Fetch the host via:
    // getAll(const Host::IdentifierType, const uint8_t* identifier_begin,
    //       const size_t identifier_len) const;
    hosts_by_id = hdsptr_->getAll(host->getIdentifierType(), &host->getIdentifier()[0],
                                  host->getIdentifier().size());
    ASSERT_EQ(1, hosts_by_id.size());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(compareHosts(host, *hosts_by_id.begin()));

    // Fetch the host via
    // getAll4(const asiolink::IOAddress& address) const;
    hosts_by_id = hdsptr_->getAll4(IOAddress("192.0.2.5"));
    ASSERT_EQ(1, hosts_by_id.size());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(compareHosts(host, *hosts_by_id.begin()));

    // Fetch the host via
    // get4(const SubnetID& subnet_id, const HWAddrPtr& hwaddr,
    //     const DuidPtr& duid = DuidPtr()) const;
    ConstHostPtr from_hds = hdsptr_->get4(subnet_id, host->getHWAddress());
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds);
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(compareHosts(host, from_hds));

    // Fetch the host via
    // get4(const SubnetID& subnet_id, const Host::IdentifierType& identifier_type,
    //     const uint8_t* identifier_begin, const size_t identifier_len) const;
    from_hds = hdsptr_->get4(subnet_id, host->getIdentifierType(), &host->getIdentifier()[0],
                             host->getIdentifier().size());
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds);
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(compareHosts(host, from_hds));

    // Fetch the host via:
    // get4(const SubnetID& subnet_id, const asiolink::IOAddress& address) const;
    from_hds = hdsptr_->get4(subnet_id, IOAddress("192.0.2.5"));
    ASSERT_TRUE(from_hds);
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(compareHosts(host, from_hds));
}

}; // namespace test
}; // namespace dhcp
}; // namespace isc